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Business Data Export Fisheries Focus Story International News Shrimp
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Indian Shrimp Exporters Face ₹600 Crore Loss as US Imposes Additional Tariffs

The recent imposition of a 26% tariff on Indian shrimp exports to the United States has sent shockwaves through India’s seafood industry. With the financial impact of these tariffs estimated at a staggering ₹600 crore, Indian shrimp exporters are grappling with the looming consequences of the US’s decision. This move, part of a broader set of reciprocal tariffs, threatens to severely disrupt the thriving shrimp export sector, with ramifications for producers, consumers, and the broader Indian economy. The Financial Blow: ₹600 Crore and CountingIndia’s shrimp export industry, which has flourished over the years due to the high demand for Indian farmed shrimp in international markets, is now staring at significant financial losses. The 26% tariff imposed by the US government means that Indian exporters will now have to bear higher costs, which could lead to reduced profit margins and, in some cases, loss of market share. The financial impact of this tariff is estimated at ₹600 crore, a substantial figure that highlights the vulnerability of Indian shrimp exporters in the face of global trade disputes. This blow comes at a time when the global seafood market is already under strain due to factors such as climate change, overfishing, and rising operational costs. The US has long been one of India’s largest and most lucrative markets for shrimp, and the tariff hike threatens to upend years of growth and stability in the sector. Shrimp Exports: A Key Industry for IndiaShrimp is one of India’s most valuable seafood exports, contributing significantly to the country’s economy. The shrimp industry employs millions of people, including farmers, workers, and processors, particularly in coastal regions of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. India has long been the largest exporter of shrimp to the US, and this relationship has been a cornerstone of the country’s seafood export sector. However, the introduction of the 26% tariff on Indian shrimp represents a serious challenge to this economic pillar. With tariffs now significantly increasing the cost of Indian shrimp, American importers may look to alternative suppliers, such as Ecuador or Thailand, both of which are able to offer lower prices due to more favorable tariff conditions. As a result, Indian exporters risk losing market share in the US, leading to potential long-term financial consequences. The Broader Impact on ExportersThe ₹600 crore loss is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the wider ramifications of the tariff on Indian exporters. Small and medium-sized exporters, who account for a significant portion of the industry, are particularly vulnerable. These businesses often operate on slim profit margins and rely heavily on consistent orders from the US market. The added cost of tariffs could force many of these smaller exporters to either increase prices or reduce exports, both of which could lead to a loss of customers. Additionally, as prices rise due to the tariffs, Indian shrimp may become less competitive compared to shrimp from other countries that are not subject to such high tariffs. The US, being one of the world’s largest consumers of shrimp, offers a highly competitive market, and any increase in the cost of Indian shrimp could easily push American buyers toward cheaper alternatives. In some extreme cases, Indian exporters may be forced to absorb the added costs themselves, further squeezing their profit margins. This scenario could ultimately lead to a reduction in the volume of shrimp exported to the US, causing significant losses in revenue for the industry. Potential Response: Seeking New MarketsFaced with the threat of losing its foothold in the US, India’s seafood industry is exploring alternative markets where its shrimp may not be subject to the same level of tariff scrutiny. Countries in Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East represent potential opportunities for Indian exporters to diversify their business and mitigate the financial fallout from the US tariff hike. India’s government is also expected to engage in diplomatic efforts to address the tariff issue and seek relief through international trade bodies, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO). Negotiations could lead to a reduction or removal of the tariffs, but such a process is likely to take time and may not provide immediate relief for exporters. For now, the focus is on finding new trade routes and opportunities while dealing with the immediate challenges posed by the tariff. Indian shrimp producers will need to adapt to the changing market conditions, and the industry is likely to see shifts in its supply chain and export strategies as it navigates this difficult situation. The Ripple Effect: Job Losses and Economic FalloutThe impact of the US tariff on Indian shrimp exports extends beyond the businesses themselves. The shrimp industry in India provides direct and indirect employment to millions of people. From farmers to processors, workers in the shrimp supply chain are already feeling the pinch as production slows, and export volumes decrease. If the situation continues to deteriorate, job losses could mount, particularly in the coastal regions where shrimp farming is a primary source of income. The economic consequences of these job losses could also affect local economies, with many coastal communities heavily dependent on shrimp exports for their livelihoods. In a country like India, where the informal economy plays a significant role, the loss of income could have far-reaching consequences, not just for workers, but also for local businesses that rely on the shrimp industry. The Future of India’s Shrimp ExportsWhile the immediate impact of the US tariffs is clear, the long-term consequences for India’s shrimp export industry are still unfolding. The ₹600 crore loss is just the beginning, and exporters will need to find innovative ways to adapt to the changing market landscape. To mitigate the effects of these tariffs, Indian exporters will need to diversify their offerings and explore new markets, as well as invest in improving the quality and sustainability of their shrimp farming practices. This shift will require a concerted effort from both the private sector and the Indian government to ensure that the industry remains competitive and resilient

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Ecuador Set to Replace India as Largest Shrimp Supplier to the US Amid Tariff Disputes

In a dramatic shift in the global seafood supply chain, Ecuador is poised to become the largest shrimp supplier to the United States, surpassing India. This change comes on the heels of new US tariffs imposed on Indian seafood, including a significant 26% levy on shrimp, which has created a major ripple effect across the global seafood market. Ecuador, with its lower tariffs and robust shrimp production industry, stands to benefit from the shifting dynamics of international trade, positioning itself as the new leader in US shrimp imports. The Shrimp Wars: How Ecuador Takes the LeadFor years, India has been the dominant player in the US shrimp market, with its farmed shrimp making up a significant portion of American seafood imports. However, the recent imposition of reciprocal tariffs on Indian shrimp has sparked a chain reaction that is reshaping the global seafood supply landscape. As the US places a 26% tariff on Indian shrimp, Ecuador’s seafood industry finds itself with a golden opportunity to step in and fill the gap left by India. Unlike India, Ecuador’s shrimp industry benefits from lower tariffs, making its shrimp more competitively priced in the US market. Ecuador has long been a key player in the global shrimp trade, but the new tariff situation could push it to the top of the list for US shrimp imports. With Ecuador’s shrimp production at an all-time high, and the market conditions more favorable than ever, the country is set to take advantage of the changing tides in international trade. Ecuador’s Strategic AdvantageEcuador’s shrimp industry has been growing steadily over the past few decades, with the country becoming one of the largest producers of shrimp globally. Its warm coastal waters, ideal for shrimp farming, combined with advanced aquaculture technology and sustainable farming practices, have made Ecuador’s shrimp both high-quality and cost-effective. The country’s shrimp industry is largely export-oriented, with the US being one of the largest markets. The government of Ecuador has also been proactive in securing trade agreements and establishing strong relationships with major seafood importers, making it easier for Ecuadorian shrimp to enter the US market without facing the same level of regulatory hurdles that Indian shrimp now faces. Moreover, Ecuador’s shrimp farming practices have been a key selling point for American buyers. The country is known for its responsible and environmentally sustainable shrimp farming methods, which resonate well with the growing demand for sustainably sourced seafood in the US. This has allowed Ecuador to gain an edge in the competitive US market, where consumers are increasingly leaning toward ethically sourced products. The Impact of the US Tariff on Indian ShrimpThe imposition of a 26% tariff on Indian shrimp, part of a larger set of reciprocal tariffs, has thrown the Indian shrimp export industry into turmoil. India has long been a major supplier to the US, with its shrimp accounting for a large portion of the market share. However, the higher tariffs will inevitably drive up the cost of Indian shrimp, making it less competitive compared to other suppliers, particularly Ecuador. For Indian shrimp exporters, the new tariffs mean increased costs, which could lead to reduced profit margins and, potentially, a loss of market share in the US. As Indian producers scramble to find new markets or absorb the increased costs, Ecuador stands ready to step in, offering a more affordable and tariff-friendly alternative to American consumers. The shift in trade dynamics is a significant blow to India, as it risks losing its position as the top shrimp exporter to the US. As a result, Indian seafood exporters are looking to diversify their markets, turning to regions like Europe and the Middle East. However, these markets are not as large or profitable as the US, meaning the loss of American business could have lasting financial consequences for Indian producers. A Changing Landscape for US Shrimp ConsumersThe US is the world’s largest importer of shrimp, and any change in the source of supply can have a major impact on consumers. As Ecuador takes over the largest share of the US shrimp market, American buyers may see an influx of Ecuadorian shrimp at more competitive prices. While the rise in tariffs on Indian shrimp may lead to higher prices in the short term, the increased supply from Ecuador could stabilize prices and provide more options for consumers. US-based seafood distributors and retailers are also likely to benefit from this shift, as they can now source shrimp from Ecuador without the added cost burden of the new tariffs on Indian shrimp. In turn, this could lead to more competitive pricing at grocery stores and restaurants, benefiting consumers in the long run. However, this shift may also lead to a greater emphasis on quality control and sustainability in the shrimp market. As Ecuador ramps up production to meet increased demand, it will need to maintain its high standards of shrimp farming to ensure it retains its competitive edge in the US market. Ecuador’s Economic Boom: Shrimp Industry as a Growth DriverFor Ecuador, this surge in demand for shrimp in the US represents a tremendous opportunity for economic growth. The shrimp industry is already a significant contributor to Ecuador’s GDP, providing jobs to thousands of people in coastal communities and generating billions of dollars in export revenue. As the US continues to seek alternative suppliers to replace India, Ecuador stands to see a major boost in its shrimp export sector. This increased demand will lead to greater investment in shrimp farming infrastructure, research, and technology, further solidifying Ecuador’s position as a global leader in seafood production. The ripple effect will also be felt in related industries, such as shipping, logistics, and processing, as the country ramps up production to meet the growing demand. In addition, the Ecuadorian government may see an increase in tax revenue from the shrimp sector, which could be reinvested in social programs and infrastructure projects. The boost to the economy could also benefit local communities in coastal areas, where shrimp farming provides essential livelihoods. Potential Challenges

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Aquaculture Business Export Fisheries Focus Story International News
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Indian Seafood Exports Reel Under US Tariffs: Shrimp Industry Faces Crisis

In a move that has sent shockwaves through the seafood industry, the United States has announced reciprocal tariffs on seafood imports from India, specifically targeting shrimp and a range of other marine products. This bold decision, which follows months of trade tensions, has raised questions about the future of global trade relations and its potential impact on both consumers and producers. A Deep Dive into the Tariffs The new tariffs will impose a hefty 26% levy on Indian shrimp, along with other seafood products, as part of a broader strategy aimed at balancing trade imbalances and addressing concerns over market access. The timing of these tariffs couldn’t be more critical, as both countries have been engaged in a series of economic exchanges and disagreements, particularly over issues like intellectual property rights, agricultural exports, and market access. For years, India has been one of the largest exporters of seafood to the United States, especially shrimp. Indian shrimp has made its way into the American market as a popular choice due to its quality, cost-effectiveness, and consistent availability. However, with this new set of tariffs, the cost of Indian shrimp will likely rise, leading to a potential shift in consumer behavior and market dynamics. The US and India: A Complex Trade Relationship The relationship between the US and India has always been one of mutual benefit, but not without friction. The seafood tariff comes at a time when both countries have been discussing various trade deals, but also embroiled in disputes over issues like tariff structures on steel and aluminum, agricultural products, and digital trade. The US has expressed concerns over India’s trade practices, claiming that India has been offering its own subsidies to its seafood exporters, which, according to the US, distorts fair competition. India, on the other hand, has long been vocal about the tariffs it faces on various products, arguing that they are disproportionately high and unfair. The country has called for greater market access and has frequently pressed for the removal of tariffs on certain goods to make trade more equitable. However, the US decision to impose these new tariffs appears to be a retaliatory action in response to India’s own trade policies, creating a ripple effect across the global seafood market. Impact on Indian Seafood Exporters Indian seafood exporters are bracing themselves for a major blow, as the new tariffs are expected to make their products significantly more expensive. Shrimp, a $5 billion industry in India, makes up a substantial portion of the country’s total seafood exports. This could have devastating consequences for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India, which rely heavily on exports to the US. India’s Ministry of Commerce and Industry has expressed disappointment over the tariffs, calling it an “unfair trade practice” that would harm local producers and disrupt a vital source of income for thousands of people employed in the seafood sector. The Indian government is expected to take diplomatic action, possibly engaging in negotiations to resolve the issue and prevent further escalation of the trade dispute. As Indian exporters face the prospect of shrinking profits and a loss of market share in the US, many are seeking alternative markets in Europe, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. While these markets are growing, they may not offer the same volume or revenue potential that the US market does. US Consumers: Will the Price of Shrimp Rise? One of the immediate concerns for American consumers is the potential rise in the price of shrimp. The United States is the largest importer of shrimp globally, and Indian shrimp accounts for a significant portion of the market. As the tariffs take effect, it’s expected that prices will climb, leading to increased costs for seafood suppliers and, eventually, consumers. This could also lead to a potential decrease in demand, as consumers might seek cheaper alternatives or reduce their overall seafood consumption. US-based seafood suppliers are expected to pass on the additional costs to consumers, though some may try to absorb the costs in the short term in an effort to maintain market share. Larger seafood companies, which can source shrimp from multiple countries, may weather the storm better than smaller, local producers who rely heavily on imports from India. The Ripple Effect on Global Seafood Markets While the direct impact of the tariffs will be felt in the US and India, there are broader implications for global seafood markets. Other countries that export shrimp, such as Thailand, Ecuador, and Vietnam, may see a surge in demand as the US turns to alternative suppliers. However, these countries too could face challenges in meeting the increased demand, especially as the global seafood market is already under strain due to climate change, overfishing, and other environmental concerns. In response to these changes, many global seafood producers are exploring new ways to diversify their offerings and streamline production processes to reduce costs. The rise in tariffs on Indian shrimp could also prompt more investments in sustainable aquaculture and innovation in the seafood industry, as companies look for ways to maintain their competitive edge in the face of shifting global demand. Diplomatic Tensions: What’s Next? The US decision to impose these tariffs on Indian seafood is a sharp reminder of the complexities of international trade in today’s interconnected world. The announcement has set the stage for further diplomatic maneuvering between the two countries, with trade representatives expected to meet in the coming weeks to discuss the future of their economic relationship. In the short term, India may consider retaliatory measures, including tariffs on US goods or calls for disputes to be settled through international trade bodies like the World Trade Organization (WTO). The long-term consequences, however, will depend on how both countries navigate this increasingly tense trade environment. Conclusion The imposition of reciprocal tariffs on Indian seafood exports marks a significant turning point in US-India trade relations. With the shrimp industry at the forefront of this conflict, the ripples of these tariffs will likely be felt far and wide, affecting

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Conservation Data Export Fisheries Focus Story International Research
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Global Tuna Stocks Surge in Sustainability: Insights from the March 2025 ISSF Report

The latest report from the International Seafood Sustainability Foundation (ISSF), released in March 2025, highlights significant strides in the sustainability of global tuna stocks. This update is crucial for understanding the health of tuna fisheries, which are vital for food security and economic stability worldwide. Below, we explore the key findings, potential reasons for improvement, and what this means for the industry and conservation efforts. Key Findings The ISSF’s March 2025 report, titled “Status of the World Fisheries for Tuna,” reveals: This shift is unexpected, as it shows a rapid improvement in stock health, particularly with overfished stocks dropping so significantly, which could influence future fishing policies and consumer choices. Implications The improved sustainability likely benefits the tuna industry by ensuring a stable supply, supporting economic growth in tuna-dependent regions, and enhancing food security, given tuna’s role as a key protein source. For conservation, it suggests that current efforts are effective, potentially reducing the risk to marine biodiversity. Consumers may see increased trust in sustainably sourced tuna, possibly leading to higher demand for certified products. Survey Note: Detailed Analysis of Global Tuna Stock Sustainability Progress Introduction and Context The International Seafood Sustainability Foundation (ISSF), a global partnership among the tuna industry, scientists, and environmental organizations, released its March 2025 “Status of the World Fisheries for Tuna” report, also known as the “Status of the Stocks” report. This biannual publication, reviewed by ISSF’s Scientific Advisory Committee, provides a comprehensive analysis of 23 major commercial tuna stocks, focusing on abundance, exploitation/management, and environmental impact (bycatch). The report, published on March 10, 2025, and covered by Undercurrent News on March 17, 2025, highlights significant progress in tuna stock sustainability, with overfished stocks now accounting for just 2% of the global catch, down from 10%, and intermediate stocks at 10%, up from 2% compared to the November 2024 findings. Key Findings and Statistical Breakdown The report’s key statistics, based on the proportion of the global catch, are as follows: Stock Status March 2025 (%) November 2024 (%) Change Healthy Abundance Levels 88 88 No change Intermediate Abundance 10 2 +8 percentage points Overfished 2 10 -8 percentage points Additionally, the report notes that 91% of tuna stocks are not experiencing overfishing, a four-percentage-point improvement since November 2024, indicating reduced fishing pressure on vulnerable stocks. The 2023 catch of major commercial tuna stocks totaled about 5.2 million tons, providing context for the scale of these proportions. This breakdown is distinct from the percentage of stocks by number, where the March 2025 report indicates 65% at healthy levels, 26% at intermediate, and 9% overfished, highlighting the difference between stock counts and catch proportions. Factors Contributing to Improvement Several factors likely contributed to this progress, inferred from ISSF’s broader activities and historical reports: These efforts align with ISSF’s mission to undertake science-based initiatives for long-term conservation, reducing bycatch, and promoting ecosystem health, as outlined on their website. Implications for Industry and Conservation The improved sustainability has multifaceted implications: Comparative Analysis with Previous Reports Historically, the proportion of catch from overfished stocks has varied. In March 2022, it was 9.2%, and in March 2023, 11%, as per ISSF reports. The current 2% is a significant improvement, possibly due to recent RFMO measures and industry compliance, as seen in ISSF’s compliance reports. The increase in intermediate stocks from 2% to 10% suggests a transitional phase for some stocks, potentially moving toward healthy levels, as evidenced by improvements in stocks like Atlantic Ocean/Mediterranean albacore in November 2024 reports. Challenges and Future Outlook Despite progress, challenges remain, such as high uncertainty in monitoring some stocks (e.g., Mediterranean albacore) and ongoing overfishing in specific regions like the Indian Ocean. ISSF’s advocacy for electronic monitoring standards, adopted by the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission, aims to address these gaps, as detailed in their blog. Continued collaboration among stakeholders is essential to maintain this trajectory, with ISSF’s interactive tools, like the stock status visualization at this page, aiding transparency and decision-making. Conclusion The March 2025 ISSF report underscores a promising trend in global tuna stock sustainability, with overfished stocks at a record low of 2% and intermediate stocks rising to 10%. This progress, likely driven by enhanced management, sustainable practices, and scientific monitoring, bodes well for the tuna industry, conservation, and consumers. However, vigilance is required to ensure these gains are sustained, with the full report available for download at ISSF’s website for further details.

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Business Export Fisheries International Shrimp Trade
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Week 13 Shrimp Price Trends: India Gains Momentum as Vietnam Struggles

The global shrimp market remains a dynamic landscape, with Week 13 of 2025 highlighting stark contrasts between two of Asia’s shrimp production powerhouses: India and Vietnam. As reported by Undercurrent News on March 25, 2025, farm-gate shrimp prices in India surged, driven by supply shortages and robust demand, while Vietnam faced a persistent decline, grappling with oversupply and weakening market conditions. These divergent trends underscore the complex interplay of local production dynamics, international trade pressures, and environmental factors shaping the shrimp industry. India’s Shrimp Prices Soar Amid Shortages In India, Week 13 marked a significant uptick in farm-gate prices for Penaeus vannamei shrimp, the dominant species in the country’s aquaculture sector. This increase comes as farmers report reduced harvests, attributed to a combination of disease challenges and adverse weather conditions earlier in the year. The supply shortage has tightened the market, pushing prices upward and offering a much-needed boost to Indian shrimp farmers after a challenging period of low prices in 2023 and early 2024. Industry sources indicate that the price gains were particularly pronounced for larger shrimp sizes, which are in high demand in key export markets like the United States and the European Union. The average farm-gate price for 30-count vannamei shrimp reportedly rose by approximately 8-10% compared to the previous week, reflecting a strong buyer response to the constrained supply. Analysts suggest that this trend could persist into the second quarter of 2025 if production doesn’t rebound quickly, especially with India’s ongoing efforts to diversify its export portfolio into value-added products like cooked and breaded shrimp. The resilience of India’s shrimp sector is notable, given its position as one of the world’s top producers. Despite a projected 12% contraction in vannamei output in 2023, the country has maintained steady export volumes, buoyed by growing Penaeus monodon (black tiger shrimp) production. The Week 13 price surge signals a potential recovery phase, offering hope to farmers who have weathered high input costs and disease outbreaks, such as Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) and White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), in recent years. Vietnam’s Prices Slide Under Pressure In contrast, Vietnam’s shrimp industry faced a continued downward spiral in Week 13, with farm-gate prices for vannamei shrimp dropping further. The decline, estimated at 5-7% week-on-week for key sizes like 40-count shrimp, reflects an oversupply in the domestic market and softening demand from major importers. Vietnamese farmers are reportedly harvesting earlier than planned to mitigate losses, flooding the market and exacerbating the price slump. This downturn follows a difficult 2023, when Vietnam’s vannamei production is believed to have shrunk by up to 15%, according to the Global Seafood Alliance. While a recovery was anticipated in 2024, lingering challenges—such as high production costs, competition from cheaper Ecuadorian shrimp, and fluctuating export demand—have kept prices under pressure. The situation is compounded by Vietnam’s heavy reliance on exports to China and the United States, where buyers have been favoring more competitively priced alternatives. Farmers in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam’s shrimp farming hub, are voicing concerns about profitability. With farm-gate prices dipping below production costs for many, some are opting to delay restocking ponds until market conditions improve. This cautious approach could lead to a supply reduction in the coming months, potentially stabilizing prices later in the year, though the immediate outlook remains bleak. Broader Market Implications The contrasting price trends in India and Vietnam highlight the fragmented nature of the global shrimp market in 2025. India’s gains are a boon for its farmers and exporters, potentially strengthening its position against competitors like Ecuador, which has dominated supply in recent years. Meanwhile, Vietnam’s struggles could cede further market share to rivals unless corrective measures—such as improved disease management or government support—reverse the tide. Globally, shrimp demand is expected to recover unevenly in 2025, with early signs pointing to stabilization in output, as noted by S&P Global. However, the Week 13 data suggests that regional disparities will continue to shape price trajectories. For consumers, India’s rising prices may translate to higher costs for shrimp products, while Vietnam’s decline could offer short-term relief in markets reliant on its supply. Conclusion Week 13 of 2025 paints a tale of two shrimp industries: India riding a wave of price increases fueled by scarcity, and Vietnam battling a persistent downturn amid oversupply. As the year progresses, the ability of each country to adapt to production challenges and capitalize on shifting demand will determine their fortunes in the competitive global shrimp market. For now, India’s farmers celebrate a rare victory, while Vietnam’s industry searches for a path to recovery.

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Aquaculture Fisheries News Technology
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Indian Seafood Tech Firm Expands with $4.5 Million Investment in Aqua Biologicals

In a significant move to strengthen its position in India’s burgeoning aquaculture sector, AquaConnect, a leading Indian seafood technology company, has announced a $4.5 million (€4.2 million) investment in new research and development (R&D) and production infrastructure in Gujarat. The investment marks a strategic expansion into farm care biologicals, positioning AquaConnect at the forefront of sustainable seafood production technologies. Strategic Expansion into Aqua Biologicals AquaConnect, which has established itself as an integrated supply chain platform in the seafood industry, views this expansion as a natural progression of its business model. The new infrastructure will focus on developing and producing biological solutions that enhance farm productivity, improve water quality, and promote sustainable aquaculture practices. “We’re not just expanding our operations; we’re transforming our approach to the aquaculture industry,” said Rajamanohar Somasundaram, CEO of AquaConnect. “This investment represents our commitment to innovation and our vision to become one of India’s top aqua biologicals companies within the next five years.” State-of-the-Art Facilities in Gujarat The chosen location, Gujarat, is strategically significant due to its growing aquaculture industry and supportive business environment. The new facilities will include: Market Potential and Industry Impact India’s aquaculture sector has been experiencing remarkable growth, with seafood exports reaching 1.78 million tonnes in 2023-24, valued at approximately $7.38 billion. The demand for sustainable and efficient farming solutions has never been higher as the industry faces challenges like water pollution, disease management, and climate change impacts. “The aquaculture industry is at a critical juncture where traditional methods are no longer sufficient,” explained Somasundaram. “Our biological solutions will address these challenges by improving farm productivity while reducing environmental impact.” Creating Science-Backed Solutions AquaConnect aims to differentiate itself through rigorous scientific research and development. Their formulations will be based on extensive testing and validation to ensure they meet the specific needs of Indian aquaculture practices. “We’re committed to delivering products that not only work but can be scientifically proven to enhance farm performance,” said Dr. Meenal Patel, Head of Research at AquaConnect. “Our team of scientists and aquaculture experts will work closely with farmers to develop solutions that address real-world challenges.” Employment and Skill Development The expansion is expected to create numerous employment opportunities in the region, particularly for scientists, technicians, and skilled workers in the aquaculture sector. AquaConnect has also announced plans for training programs to upskill local farmers in the use of biological solutions. Future Outlook With this investment, AquaConnect sets its sights on becoming one of India’s top five aqua biologicals companies. Their growth strategy includes both domestic market expansion and potential international collaborations. Industry analysts view this move as strategically timed, given the increasing global focus on sustainable seafood production and India’s emerging leadership in the aquaculture sector. “The Indian aquaculture market is ripe for innovation, and companies that can provide science-based solutions will be well-positioned for growth,” said industry analyst Anil Kumar. “This investment demonstrates forward-thinking leadership and positions AquaConnect to capture significant market share in the coming years.” As AquaConnect embarks on this new chapter, all eyes will be on how their biological solutions transform farming practices and contribute to the sustainability of India’s seafood industry.

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Conservation Fisheries Focus Story Sustainability Technology
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India’s Seafood Industry Set to Benefit from Turtle Excluder Device Subsidy

In a move poised to revolutionize India’s fishing practices and revive its seafood exports, the Union government is preparing to launch a subsidy scheme for turtle excluder devices (TEDs) in fishing nets. This initiative signals a significant step toward balancing environmental sustainability with economic growth in the nation’s fisheries sector. Background: The US Ban and Its Impact The decision comes six years after the United States imposed a ban on wild-caught shrimp imports from India, citing concerns over the accidental capture of sea turtles in fishing nets. This ban dealt a substantial blow to India’s seafood industry, resulting in an estimated annual loss of US$300 million. While wild-caught shrimp represent only a fraction of India’s total shrimp exports, they hold premium status in international markets and remain crucial for diversifying export portfolios. The Subsidy Scheme: Details and Implementation Under the proposed subsidy program, the cost of installing TEDs will be shared between the Union and State governments in a 60:40 ratio. Each device, which currently costs approximately Rs 25,000, has been developed by the Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT) and has received approval from US regulatory agencies. Industry sources revealed this development during a recent fisheries business meet organized by CIFT. “The ministry has given strong indications of support for this subsidy,” said one industry representative. “We expect this will significantly accelerate the adoption of TEDs among Indian fishermen.” Environmental and Economic Benefits TEDs are designed to allow sea turtles to escape fishing nets while minimizing the loss of catch. Their implementation is expected to: India’s Seafood Export Landscape India’s seafood exports reached 17,81,602 tonnes in 2023-24, valued at US$7.38 billion (Rs 60,523.89 crore). Frozen shrimp remains the dominant export product, accounting for 40.19% of the total quantity and 66.12% of the dollar value of exports. K. N. Raghavan, Secretary General of the Seafood Exporters Association of India, emphasized at the CIFT event that India must focus on adding more value to its seafood processing capabilities. He also called for additional quarantine facilities to reduce dependence on the country’s single existing center. Industry Reaction and Future Outlook The announcement has been welcomed by industry stakeholders who see it as a positive step toward restoring India’s position in premium seafood markets. “This subsidy represents a win-win solution,” said one exporter. “It addresses environmental concerns while creating opportunities for our fishermen and processors.” The government’s move is expected to strengthen India’s compliance with international fishing standards and potentially serve as a model for other nations facing similar challenges in balancing fisheries productivity with marine conservation. As India continues to implement such innovative solutions, the path forward for its seafood industry appears promising—one where economic growth and environmental stewardship can coexist and mutually reinforce each other.

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Fisheries News
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Parliamentary Panel Recommends Establishment of Indian Council for Fishery and Aquaculture Research

A parliamentary standing committee on animal husbandry has recommended the establishment of a dedicated research council for India’s fisheries sector. The proposed Indian Council for Fishery and Aquaculture Research (ICFAR) would operate under the Department of Fisheries and address the growing needs of a sector that contributes significantly to India’s agricultural output and economic growth. Need for Specialized Research Council The committee’s recommendation stems from recognition of the fisheries sector’s enormous potential and its increasing contribution to agriculture and national gross value added (GVA). Currently, fisheries research falls under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), but the committee believes a separate entity would allow for more focused research and better address the unique challenges faced by the fisheries industry. “Establishing ICFAR would facilitate in-depth research and provide specialized attention to the complexities of our fisheries and aquaculture sectors,” noted the committee in its report tabled in Parliament today. “This dedicated council would help maximize the sector’s economic potential while ensuring sustainable practices.” Sector’s Economic Significance India stands as the third-largest fish-producing nation globally, accounting for 8% of worldwide production. The fisheries sector contributes approximately 1.09% to India’s overall GVA and 6.724% to agricultural GVA—a significant increase from just 4% a few years ago. “The rapid growth of our fisheries sector demands specialized research infrastructure,” said committee members. “ICFAR would position India as a leader in fisheries science and technology, supporting both economic growth and environmental sustainability.” Additional Recommendations The committee also highlighted several other important issues: Milk Pricing Mechanisms The panel expressed concern that milk price increases have lagged behind average food inflation rates. They urged the government to review the pricing mechanisms used by milk procurement agencies to ensure farmers receive fair compensation for their produce. Fisheries Protection Regulations The report recommended that all states implement minimum legal mesh size regulations for trawls, following the example set by Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Goa. These regulations prevent the capture of juvenile and small fish, helping to preserve fish populations and ensure long-term sustainability. Financial Support for Farmers The committee suggested the Department of Fisheries coordinate with states and union territories to explore interest-free loan options for farmers under the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme. Some states have already implemented additional interest subventions, reducing effective interest rates to zero, and the committee believes this model should be expanded nationally. Follow-Up on Previous Panel Recommendations The committee referenced a previous panel established under Sanjiv Balyan, then minister of state for fisheries, animal husbandry, and dairying. That panel was tasked with recommending the establishment of a research council to address fisheries and veterinary science research needs. “The committee would like to be apprised of the outcomes and progress regarding the establishment of this research council,” the report stated. “We urge the government to expedite this important initiative.” Conclusion The recommendations highlight the government’s recognition of fisheries as a critical economic sector with substantial growth potential. Establishing ICFAR would provide specialized research capacity, while the other recommendations aim to protect resources, improve farmer livelihoods, and ensure sustainable practices throughout India’s fisheries and aquaculture industries. These measures collectively acknowledge the sector’s importance to India’s economy and food security, positioning it for continued growth while addressing environmental and economic challenges.

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Fisheries Focus Story International News
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Troubled Waters: Navigating the India-Sri Lanka Fisheries Feud in the Palk Bay

The India-Sri Lanka fisheries dispute, simmering for decades in the narrow Palk Bay, continues to ripple through diplomatic ties between these maritime neighbors. Recently, Sri Lankan Leader of the House, Bimal Rathnayake, urged India to crack down on illegal fishing in Sri Lankan waters, spotlighting the plight of Tamil-speaking fishermen in Sri Lanka’s Northern Province. While praising India’s historical support, he underscored the pressing need to protect local livelihoods battered by this persistent conflict. The Heart of the Dispute At its core, the disagreement hinges on several thorny issues. Indian fishermen, often aboard trawlers, drift into Sri Lankan waters due to engine trouble or erratic weather, only to face arrests, vessel destruction, and hefty fines from Sri Lankan authorities. Boat confiscations linger even after fishermen are released, deepening the frustration. The International Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL), splitting the Palk Bay evenly under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), is a flashpoint. Indian fishermen assert historical fishing rights beyond this line, rooted in tradition, but Sri Lanka brands these incursions as poaching. Overfishing on India’s side has depleted stocks, pushing fishermen into richer Sri Lankan waters, while the use of bottom trawling—dragging weighted nets across the seabed—wreaks ecological havoc, demolishing coral reefs and sponges. Sri Lanka also harbors security fears, suspecting coordinated trawler intrusions could mask a resurgence of Tamil militant groups. Adding fuel to the fire is the Katchatheevu Island dispute. Ceded to Sri Lanka in 1974, the island’s agreement remains contentious, with India arguing it never fully surrendered fishing rights, while Sri Lanka restricts access for even basic activities like resting or shrine visits. Bonds Beyond the Conflict Despite this maritime standoff, India and Sri Lanka share robust cooperation elsewhere. India’s development aid shines through projects like the Indian Housing Project, aiming to build 50,000 homes for war-torn communities, alongside power and port upgrades in northern Sri Lanka. Economically, the India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement (ISFTA) thrives, with India as Sri Lanka’s third-largest export market, and talks of an Economic and Technology Cooperation Agreement (ETCA) signal deeper ties. Cultural exchanges flourish under a 1977 agreement, bolstered by the Indian Cultural Centre in Colombo, while defense ties strengthen through joint exercises like Mitra Shakti and SLINEX, plus shared platforms like BIMSTEC and SAARC. The High Stakes of the Stalemate The fallout from this dispute is profound. Arrests by the Sri Lanka Navy leave Indian fishing families in distress, with sea clashes claiming lives and livelihoods. Patrolling the IMBL strains both nations’ resources, while the blurry line between fishermen and smugglers heightens security risks. Politically, the tension has swayed India’s stance on UN resolutions concerning Sri Lanka’s human rights. Environmentally, bottom trawling scars the seabed, threatening fish stocks for generations, and economically, Sri Lanka estimates a staggering $730 million annual loss from Indian overfishing. Global Rules of the Game International law offers some guardrails. The 1995 UN Fish Stocks Agreement (UNFSA) urges states to join Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs) or adopt their conservation rules to fish responsibly. UNCLOS Article 87 curbs high-seas fishing freedoms, demanding respect for other nations’ rights—principles both countries must weigh in this dispute. Charting a Path Forward A resolution demands bold steps. A joint marine resource authority could regulate Palk Bay fishing, building on the stalled India-Sri Lanka Joint Working Group (JWG) on Fisheries from 2016. India’s push toward deep-sea fishing, backed by the Palk Bay scheme under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), aims to ease border pressure with ventures like seaweed farming. Phasing out bottom trawling requires enforcing India’s 1983 Tamil Nadu Marine Fishing Regulation Act with incentives for sustainable gear, while Sri Lanka could designate joint fishing zones. Technology and cooperation offer promise—think Australia-Indonesia-style joint patrols with real-time monitoring. Humanitarian measures, like swift repatriation of detained fishermen and a UNCLOS-inspired arbitration framework, could soothe tensions. Together, these steps could transform the Palk Bay from a battleground into a shared resource. A Bigger Picture The India-Sri Lanka fisheries feud isn’t just about fish—it’s a test of diplomacy in the Indo-Pacific. By harnessing their maritime kinship, both nations can turn troubled waters into a tide of stability, cooperation, and prosperity, proving that even the choppiest seas can be navigated with goodwill and grit.

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Business Conservation Fisheries News
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32

Digital Waves Transforming India’s Fisheries: New Scheme Ushers in Era of Financial Inclusion and Sustainability

The Indian fisheries sector is poised for transformation with the launch of the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PM-MKSSY), a comprehensive four-year initiative designed to revolutionize the industry through digital innovation and financial inclusion. With an investment of ₹6,000 crore, this flagship program under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying promises to address long-standing challenges while unlocking new opportunities for millions of fisherfolk across the country. Transformative Components of PM-MKSSY The scheme is structured around four pillars that collectively address the multifaceted needs of the fisheries sector: Digital Revolution Through NFDP At the heart of this transformation is the National Fisheries Digital Platform (NFDP), launched on September 11, 2024. This innovative digital infrastructure creates verified digital identities for fisheries stakeholders, serving as a gateway to institutional credit, insurance products, and market linkages. The platform’s comprehensive approach includes: Early Success and Future Outlook In just a few months since its launch, the NFDP has already registered over 20 lakh beneficiaries, including fishers, microenterprises, and FFPOs. This remarkable adoption rate demonstrates the sector’s readiness for digital transformation and formalization. The credit facilitation module has processed 4,066 applications, with 129 from Andhra Pradesh alone, creating a pipeline of investment opportunities for the sector. Banks have begun reviewing these applications, marking the beginning of a new era of institutional financing for fisheries. Empowering Livelihoods Through Technology The PM-MKSSY represents more than just a policy intervention—it’s a strategic investment in India’s blue economy. By addressing financial inclusion, risk management, and market access simultaneously, the scheme creates a supportive ecosystem for sustainable growth. As the scheme progresses, it is expected to: The convergence of digital technology with traditional fisheries practices represents a promising frontier for India’s rural economy. Through initiatives like PM-MKSSY, the government continues to demonstrate its commitment to leveraging technology for inclusive growth and sustainable development in one of India’s most vital agricultural sectors.

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Fisheries Focus Story International News
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28

India’s Blue Revolution: Combating Pollution and Building Resilient Coastal Economies Through Marine Fisheries Reform

The Indian government is implementing a comprehensive approach to marine fisheries management that addresses both environmental challenges and economic sustainability. With a focus on conservation, pollution control, and community resilience, India’s strengthened marine fisheries policy represents a holistic strategy for long-term sector viability. Tackling Marine Pollution Head-On India’s National Policy on Marine Fisheries, established in 2017, provides a framework for addressing marine pollution, particularly from plastics and abandoned fishing gear. Through international collaborations like the Glolitter Partnership Project and Reglitter Project, India is targeting sea-based sources of marine plastic litter (MPL). As a Lead Partnering Country in the Glolitter Project, India has developed a National Action Plan (NAP) with specific measures to reduce MPL from fishing activities and maritime operations. The government has taken decisive action against destructive fishing practices by prohibiting pair trawling and the use of artificial lights in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). These measures aim to protect marine ecosystems from damage caused by unsustainable fishing methods. Sustainable Fishing Practices for Ecosystem Protection To ensure the long-term health of marine resources, India has implemented several initiatives: These measures reflect a science-based approach to fisheries management that balances economic needs with ecological preservation. Building Climate Resilience in Coastal Communities Under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), India is enhancing the economic resilience of coastal communities facing climate change impacts. The program has designated 100 coastal villages as Climate Resilient Coastal Fishermen Villages (CRCFV), providing infrastructure development including: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) supports these efforts through research and technology development aimed at improving productivity and sustainability in both inland and marine aquaculture. Strengthening Governance and Market Access India’s regulatory framework for marine fisheries includes: The Fishery Survey of India (FSI) conducts extensive awareness programs to educate fishers about responsible practices. The PMMSY has also invested in fish transportation infrastructure and established digital market platforms to ensure fair prices and better market access for fishermen. A recent Memorandum of Understanding with the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) aims to create a digital marketplace that empowers fisheries stakeholders. Conclusion India’s strengthened marine fisheries policy demonstrates a commitment to balancing environmental protection with economic development. By addressing marine pollution, promoting sustainable practices, building climate resilience, and enhancing governance, India is creating a model for comprehensive fisheries management that could serve as an example for other nations facing similar challenges in the Indo-Pacific region.

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Aquaculture Conservation Fisheries Sustainability
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34

India’s Billion-Dollar Water Crisis: How Pollution is Sinking Fisheries and Public Health

India’s fishery sector is hemorrhaging $2.2 billion annually due to water pollution from untreated wastewater, according to a groundbreaking study released this week at the World Ocean Summit in Japan. The research, conducted by the ocean health initiative Back to Blue and the Ocean Sewage Alliance, reveals the staggering economic toll of inadequate wastewater management on India’s fisheries, agriculture, and public health. The Economic Toll on Fisheries The study shows that India’s fishery sector loses 5.4% of its economic value annually—$2.2 billion—due to pollution from untreated wastewater contaminating waterways. This loss is the highest among the five countries studied, including Brazil, Kenya, the Philippines, and the UK. “This isn’t just an environmental issue—it’s an economic crisis,” said Dr. Rajesh Kumar, a marine economist based in Chennai. “Our fisheries support millions of livelihoods and contribute significantly to food security. When wastewater pollution destroys fish habitats, it’s not just fish that suffer; it’s entire communities.” Public Health Crisis Beyond the fisheries, the economic impact extends to public health. The study documents an annual economic loss of $246 million from diarrhea caused by contaminated drinking water. With a wastewater treatment rate of just 21%, India faces the highest healthcare costs among the countries studied. “Untreated wastewater doesn’t just pollute rivers and oceans—it poisons people,” said Dr. Priya Sharma, a public health specialist in Mumbai. “Children are particularly vulnerable to waterborne diseases, which can lead to malnutrition, developmental delays, and even death.” Agricultural Impacts The research also reveals significant agricultural losses. While India experiences lower proportional losses due to soil salinity compared to Brazil, it still suffers the highest absolute revenue loss of $1.2 billion annually from wastewater-irrigated crops. “Farmers using contaminated water may see short-term benefits from the nutrients in wastewater, but over time, heavy metals and salinity destroy soil fertility,” explained agricultural scientist Dr. Vikram Mehta. “This creates a vicious cycle where farmers must use more water and fertilizers to maintain yields, further depleting resources.” The Path Forward Experts emphasize that investing in wastewater infrastructure is critical to addressing these challenges. “The cost of inaction is clear,” said Amelia Wenger, Conservation Scientist at the Wildlife Conservation Society. “We need both large-scale treatment plants and decentralized systems where infrastructure is lacking.” The study highlights innovative solutions: India’s Water Scarcity Context In a country where water scarcity affects over 600 million people, wastewater management takes on added significance. “Expanding treatment capacity isn’t just about pollution control—it’s about water security,” said Nitin Bassi of the Council on Energy, Environment and Water. “If we can capture, treat, and reuse more wastewater, we can reduce pressure on freshwater resources while creating economic opportunities.” Global Comparisons The study provides valuable comparisons with other nations: Conclusion As World Water Day approaches, the study serves as a wake-up call for policymakers and business leaders. The economic case for investment in water treatment infrastructure has never been stronger. For India, addressing this crisis isn’t just about cleaning up water—it’s about securing the future of millions who depend on clean water for their livelihoods, health, and food security. The path forward requires collaboration across government, private sector, and civil society to implement solutions that balance economic development with environmental protection. The alternative—continuing down the current path—means accepting billions in lost economic potential and countless preventable illnesses and deaths.

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Aquaculture Business Export Focus Story International Shrimp
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27

Indian Seafood Industry Urges Government to Remove 30% Duty on US Shrimp Imports

India’s seafood exporters have launched an urgent appeal for the waiver of a 30% customs duty on shrimp imports from the United States, expressing deep concern that the existing tariff could trigger retaliatory measures from America, potentially damaging India’s dominant position in the global shrimp market. Industry Concerns Over Potential Retaliation During a recent meeting with Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal in Kochi, seafood industry stakeholders highlighted their fears that the existing 30% duty on US shrimp imports might prompt the US to impose reciprocal tariffs on Indian seafood exports. The US market accounts for 34% of India’s total seafood export turnover, making it the largest export destination for Indian shrimp. “While the volume of shrimp imports from the US is relatively small, the bigger concern is the potential for trade retaliation,” said a senior industry official who participated in the discussions. “Any increase in US tariffs could severely impact our industry, which has worked hard to establish India as a premier supplier of quality shrimp.” Trade Statistics Show Asymmetrical Trade Balance According to Department of Commerce statistics, the value of shrimp imports from the US to India in 2024-25 (up to November) was $3.16 million, while Indian seafood exports to the US during the same period were $1.32 billion. In the previous fiscal year, imports from the US were $2.91 million compared to exports of $1.81 billion. “These figures demonstrate the highly asymmetrical nature of our seafood trade with the US,” explained K.N. Raghavan, Secretary General of the Seafood Exporters Association of India. “The minimal impact on our domestic market from removing the duty pales in comparison to the potential losses if our access to the US market is restricted.” Ongoing US Trade Investigations The industry’s appeal comes amid growing concerns about two separate US investigations: “These investigations add another layer of uncertainty for our exporters,” said Raghavan. “We need to take proactive steps to maintain the strong trade relationship we’ve built with the US market.” Biodiversity Regulation Challenges In addition to tariff concerns, seafood exporters raised issues related to state biodiversity boards taking action against export units. These boards are demanding payment of Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) charges under India’s Biological Diversity Act of 2002. The industry has requested Minister Goyal’s intervention to include seafood in the list of items exempt from the Biological Diversity Act’s purview, arguing that seafood should be treated differently from other biological resources. Government Response and Next Steps The Commerce Ministry has acknowledged the concerns raised by the seafood industry and is currently reviewing the situation. No official statement has been released regarding potential changes to the tariff structure. Industry sources suggest that a decision may be forthcoming before the next round of US-India trade discussions scheduled for later this month. Conclusion The Indian seafood industry’s appeal highlights the delicate balance required in international trade relationships, especially for sectors dependent on single large markets like the US. As India continues to strengthen its position as a global seafood supplier, navigating these trade complexities will be crucial for maintaining export competitiveness and ensuring sustainable growth in the sector. The outcome of this appeal will have significant implications not only for India’s seafood exporters but also for the broader trade relationship between India and the US, particularly as both nations work to resolve ongoing trade disputes and investigations.

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Aquaculture Blog Business Conservation Data Export International Trade
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82

Can India’s Deep-Sea Fishing Boom Drive ₹1 Lakh Crore in Seafood Exports by 2030? A detailed analysis.

India’s deep-sea fishing initiative has the potential to help achieve the ambitious target of ₹1 lakh crore in seafood exports by 2030, but it’s not guaranteed. Currently, seafood exports stand at ₹60,523 crore, and reaching ₹1 lakh crore means increasing by about ₹39,477 crore over five years. This is a big jump, and deep-sea fishing could play a key role by tapping into untapped fish populations in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), up to 200 nautical miles offshore. The government is pushing for advanced vessels and digital tools like the National Fisheries Digital Platform (NFDP) to support this, focusing on high-value species like tuna, which could add significant value—research suggests up to 3 lakh tons of yellowfin tuna, worth around US$679 million. That’s a big boost, but it’s not the whole story. Other species like deep-sea shrimps and myctophids also have potential, though exact figures are harder to pin down. However, there’s a catch—past deep-sea fishing efforts in India have struggled, with issues like overfishing and unsuitable vessels. An unexpected detail is that some fishermen have reported technical problems with the new boats, which could slow progress. Plus, sustainability is crucial; we can’t risk harming marine ecosystems while chasing exports. It seems likely that with the right support and sustainable practices, this initiative could drive growth, but it’ll need careful management to succeed by 2030. Survey Note: Detailed Analysis of India’s Deep-Sea Fishing Initiative for Enhanced Seafood Exports India’s exploration of deep-sea fishing as a strategy to boost seafood exports to ₹1 lakh crore by 2030 represents a significant policy shift, aiming to elevate the country’s position in the global market. This initiative, recently highlighted by Union Minister of State for Fisheries George Kurian, involves leveraging advanced technology and engaging local fishing communities, but it also faces potential challenges that could influence its outcomes. Below, we delve into the details, including current statistics, government plans, and broader implications, to provide a comprehensive overview. Current Export Figures and Target As of February 2025, India’s annual seafood exports for the fiscal year 2023-24 stood at ₹60,523 crore, approximately US$7.38 billion, based on an exchange rate of around 86.84 INR per USD (India’s seafood exports increased by over 30% in last four years, stand at Rs. 61,043.68 crore (US$ 7.37 billion) in 2023-24 | IBEF). The target of ₹1 lakh crore translates to about US$11.5 billion, requiring an increase of roughly US$4.12 billion over the next five years to 2030. This ambitious goal necessitates a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 9% in value, considering the current base and timeline. Deep-Sea Fishing Potential and Species Deep-sea fishing in India refers to fishing within the EEZ, extending 200 nautical miles offshore, targeting resources beyond the traditional coastal waters. The initiative focuses on high-value species with untapped potential: The total potential from deep-sea fishing could thus be substantial, potentially contributing over US$1 billion annually if fully realized, though this is speculative given the lack of comprehensive data on shrimps and myctophids. Government Plans and Initiatives The government is actively supporting the transition from near-shore to deep-sea fishing through several measures: Challenges and Historical Context Despite the potential, deep-sea fishing in India has a history of mixed outcomes. Past initiatives, such as those in the 1990s, faced significant backlash due to overfishing and impacts on traditional fishermen, leading to policy revisions (‘Deep sea fishing in India is already a flop’). Recent reports highlight operational challenges, with fishermen citing technical issues with provided vessels, many lying idle due to unsuitability for Kerala’s coast (Fishermen cite problems with vessels handed over as part of State govt.’s deep-sea fishing project – The Hindu). Sustainability is another concern, with research indicating overfishing pressures in near-shore waters and the need for careful management to prevent ecological damage (Indian Deep Sea Fisheries – Its Prospects, Issues and Challenges – MedCrave online). Warming seas and declining coastal stocks are pushing fishers into deeper waters, adding complexity (Warming seas push India’s fishers into distant, and more dangerous, waters – Mongabay). Market Demand and Competition India’s key export markets include the USA, China, and the EU, with frozen shrimp and fish being major items (India’s seafood exports reach record high in FY 2023-24). The global demand for high-value species like tuna is rising, offering opportunities, but competition from countries like Thailand and Vietnam remains stiff. Value addition and adherence to international standards will be crucial for capturing premium markets. Progress and Implementation As of February 2025, the initiative is in progress, with events like the February 20, 2025, gathering in Indore highlighting community engagement and NFDP registration (India exploring deep-sea fishing to enhance sea-food exports to ₹1 lakh crore – CNBC TV18). However, the scale of vessel deployment and actual production increases from deep-sea fishing remain unclear, with historical data suggesting slow implementation rates. Conclusion and Future Outlook India’s ambition to reach ₹1 lakh crore in seafood exports through deep-sea fishing is a strategic step towards economic growth and global market presence. By integrating advanced technology, digital platforms, and community engagement, the government aims to achieve this target while fostering sustainability. However, the success of this plan will depend on addressing challenges such as overfishing, ensuring ecological balance, and maintaining the livelihoods of small-scale fishermen. As of February 25, 2025, this initiative represents a promising yet complex endeavor, with significant implications for India’s fishing industry and marine environment. Table: Key Statistics and Initiatives Category Details Current Seafood Exports ₹60,523 crore (US$7.38 billion) annually Target Seafood Exports ₹1 lakh crore (US$11.5 billion) by 2030 Vessel Range 200 nautical miles offshore Tuna Potential Up to 3 lakh tons, valued at US$679 million NFDP Launch Year 2024 MP Registered Fishermen Over 60,000 on NFDP Deep-Sea Shrimp Fisheries Existing, mainly for export to US and EU Myctophid Potential Part of 2 million tons possible from EEZ This detailed analysis incorporates all relevant information from the provided link and additional context to ensure a thorough understanding of India’s deep-sea fishing strategy. Key Citations

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Aquaculture
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50

Innovations in Aquaculture and Marine Biotechnology: Driving Sustainable Growth

New Delhi, India – February 24, 2025 The Aquaculture and Marine Biotechnology program, implemented by the Department of Biotechnology, is at the forefront of enhancing aquaculture production and productivity while harnessing marine resources for valuable products and processes. This program plays a vital role in the agricultural economy by ensuring food production for nutritional security. The Department has undertaken various initiatives to benefit the aquatic and marine sectors, including the development of novel cell lines, improvement of aqua feed, creation of advanced diagnostics and therapeutics, research on fish genomics and transcriptomics, management of fish and shellfish diseases, exploration of marine ornamental resources, and engagement in bio-prospecting activities. Shrimp Diet Research: A Breakthrough in Aquaculture Nutrition One of the key areas of research in aquaculture nutrition is the replacement of fish meal, an expensive and unsustainable ingredient in shrimp feeds. Scientists at the ICAR-Central Institute of Brackish water Aquaculture in Chennai have made significant progress in this area. Their studies have shown that yeast fermentation of soybean meal significantly improves the inclusion level in shrimp diets, increasing nutrient digestibility and growth. The growth trial results indicated that soybean meal can be included up to 35% in the grow-out feed of P. vannamei, with fermentation improving growth by approximately 8.5%. This innovation not only reduces the reliance on fish meal but also enhances the sustainability and efficiency of shrimp farming. CIFA-Brood-Vac: A Novel Vaccine for Fish Spawn Another groundbreaking initiative is the development of CIFA-Brood-Vac, a novel vaccine designed to prevent mortality in fish spawn. This vaccine ensures healthy aquaculture stock by protecting fish spawn from diseases, thereby securing the future of aquaculture. The vaccine has been tested and proven effective in various trials, contributing to the overall health and productivity of fish populations. Interactive Fish Feed Designer (IFFD) Software In addition to these innovations, the development of the Interactive Fish Feed Designer (IFFD) version 2 software represents a significant leap forward in the formulation of cost-effective fish feed. This user-friendly software allows for the creation of fish feed using non-conventional ingredients, making it more sustainable and economically viable. The software is designed to help aquaculture farmers and feed manufacturers optimize their feed formulations, ensuring better growth and health of fish while reducing costs. Other Key Achievements and Initiatives Conclusion The integration of biotechnology into aquaculture and marine biotechnology is fostering sustainable food production, disease resistance, and enhanced productivity. These innovations, backed by research and commercialization efforts, are paving the way for a resilient and efficient aquaculture ecosystem. As biotechnology continues to evolve, its role in ensuring food security and environmental sustainability will only strengthen in the years to come.

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