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Conservation Fisheries Research Technology
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Climate Change Alters Fish Distribution in Indian Waters: Impacts and Innovations

The increasing sea surface temperatures in Indian waters are disrupting the distribution and life cycles of fish, according to JK Jena, Deputy Director General of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). Speaking at a global conclave on integrating climate change into international fisheries governance, Jena highlighted the consequences of rising sea temperatures on fish maturity, reproduction, and spatial distribution. Over the past 40 years (1975-2015), sea surface temperature analysis revealed a notable increase along different coasts, with the highest impact observed along the NW coast. The rise in temperature is influencing the spatial distribution and phenology of fish, leading to premature maturation at smaller sizes. This has resulted in decreased reproductive output and recruitment to fisheries, exemplified by species like the Bombay duck and silver pomfret. Commercially significant fish species like the Indian oil sardine and mackerel are now extending their distribution to new regions due to the changing sea conditions. Jena emphasized the need for research initiatives, including climate-resilient marine fisheries projects, to comprehend long-term patterns and develop strategies to safeguard the future of Indian fisheries. India has initiated projects for developing species distribution climate models and a climate-smart marine fisheries value chain. The former aims to predict alterations in sea temperature, ocean currents, and other climatic elements influencing fish populations, while the latter focuses on strengthening the marine fisheries sector’s value chain. Jena also addressed the rising occurrences of Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) events in the Indian Ocean region, emphasizing a three-fold increase in the Arabian Sea and a two-fold increase in the Bay of Bengal over the last two decades. To mitigate climate impacts, he proposed mariculture activities involving climate-resilient species, integration of renewable energy in fishing vessels, and innovative solutions like sea ranching of depleted commercial species. The call to action is clear: proactive measures are essential to adapt and safeguard India’s fisheries amidst changing environmental conditions.

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Aquaculture Conservation Research
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36

Goa Charts New Waters with Pioneering Aquatic Referral Lab for Fish Health

In a groundbreaking move, Goa is on the brink of establishing its first-ever aquatic referral laboratory in Old Goa, dedicated to in-depth analysis of diseases in fish species. This cutting-edge facility aims to focus on examining the health of cage-cultured fish species, promising not only to revolutionize the region’s aquaculture industry but also to serve as a crucial resource for monitoring and safeguarding the overall health of aquatic fish. Chief Minister Pramod Sawant, during his annual budget speech earlier this year, announced this ambitious project, set to play a pivotal role in ensuring a bountiful and disease-free harvest. The laboratory is expected to be a significant asset for the fisheries department, addressing the challenges posed by fish deaths and parasitical growth on marine fish. Fisheries Director Deepesh Priolkar highlighted the importance of having local expertise and a well-equipped laboratory to investigate inexplicable fish deaths and parasitical growth. The absence of a dedicated aquatic referral laboratory within the state has led the fisheries department to seek assistance from external institutions. The new laboratory is poised to enhance Goa’s capabilities in monitoring and protecting its aquatic resources, ultimately boosting the health and productivity of the local aquaculture industry. “We are in the process of preparing the estimation in the detailed project report (DPR), which will be sent to the state government. The DPR will then be forwarded to the central government. Once approved, we can establish the laboratory within a year’s time,” said Priolkar, expressing optimism about the project’s timeline. The plan involves modifying existing rooms at Ela, Old Goa, for which assistance from the Public Works Department (PWD) has been sought. The readiness to put the plan into action is evident, with Priolkar stating, “We are hopeful that the DPR will be approved in this financial year, following which the lab can be established. We only need to modify existing rooms at Ela, Old Goa, for which we have sought assistance from the PWD. The scientists for the lab will be selected by the central government.” This initiative signifies a significant stride forward for Goa, aligning with its commitment to advancing aquaculture practices and ensuring the well-being of its aquatic ecosystems.

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Conservation Farmer Fisheries Research
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Fortifying India Against the Silent Pandemic: A Comprehensive Approach to Contain Antimicrobial Resistance

In a joint initiative by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) and the World Health Organization (WHO)-India, a national consultation unfolded key strategies and recommendations to address the pressing issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in India. With over 50 One Health stakeholders hailing from 15 states participating, the event was a pivotal step during the World AMR Awareness Week (WAAW). Sunita Narain, Director General of CSE, emphasized that combating AMR requires a holistic response from stakeholders in the food, animal, crop, and waste sectors. The consultation aimed to outline crucial actions needed at the state level to prevent and contain the silent pandemic, which has far-reaching implications on health, livelihoods, and development. Dr. Roderico H Ofrin, WHO Representative to India, stressed the significance of developing State Action Plans for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance (SAPCAR) across all states and Union territories. The One Health approach, engaging key stakeholders across sectors, was identified as critical in these plans. Amit Khurana, Director of the Sustainable Food Systems Programme at CSE, echoed the importance of multi-sectoral action at the state level. He highlighted that addressing concerns related to health, animal husbandry, fisheries, agriculture, pollution control, and water and sanitation is most effective at the state level. The national consultation also marked the release of a comprehensive report titled ‘One Health Action to Prevent and Contain AMR in Indian States and Union Territories.’ This report, a collaboration between CSE and WHO, is based on suggestions received from experts and stakeholders in various state government departments. The report delineates cost-effective, implementable interventions across human health, livestock, fisheries, crops, and the environment. Aligned with key areas such as awareness building, surveillance, AMR prevention and control, and optimized antibiotic use, these actions are poised to make a significant impact on addressing AMR. Narain concluded the event by emphasizing that for countries like India, the focus should be on development with minimal use of chemicals in food production. Prevention, particularly considering the high cost of AMR, and conservation of last-resort antibiotics are imperative. Managing waste effectively was also highlighted as crucial in containing the spread of AMR. Key Suggestions by States to Contain AMR Across One Health Sectors: **Building Awareness and Understanding:**– Identify target audiences for precise awareness creation.– Leverage different mediums and platforms, including social media and local languages.– Mainstream AMR understanding in education. **Laboratories and Surveillance — AMR and AM Residues:**– Periodic monitoring and reporting of antibiotic resistance.– Strengthen microbiology laboratories and train human resources.– Develop species-specific surveillance strategies in livestock, fisheries, and crops. **Infection Prevention and Control:**– Develop state-level action plans for infection prevention and control.– Ensure regular vaccination and biosecurity measures in the livestock sector.– Implement inventory of fish diseases and biosecurity measures in the fisheries sector.– Adopt preventive measures in the crops sector through timely weed control and plant nutrient management. **Optimizing Antimicrobial Use:**– Develop standard treatment guidelines in the livestock sector.– Regulate antibiotic use, discontinue growth promoter use, and promote alternatives.– Establish guidelines for antibiotic use in the fisheries and crops sectors. This collaborative effort signifies a critical step forward in India’s battle against AMR, emphasizing the need for coordinated, multi-sectoral strategies at the state level.

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Aquaculture Farmer Trout
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Scaling New Heights: Challenges and Triumphs in Himachal’s Trout Farming

In a picturesque tale from Himachal, the trout farming landscape is witnessing a commendable surge in production, yet farmers grapple with the intricate challenge of marketing their cold-water treasures to distant markets like Delhi and Chandigarh. Despite an impressive rise in trout production, farmers in Himachal Pradesh face hurdles in reaching broader markets. The majority of these dedicated farmers resort to unconventional means, sending their fresh produce to Delhi via night buses from the scenic town of Manali. Notably, there is a robust demand for trout fish in the upscale hotels of Manali, providing a local outlet for small-scale farmers. Vivek Chandel, Director of Fisheries, expressed the department’s commitment to supporting farmers in marketing their trout. However, as of now, the assistance is limited to providing fingerlings (fish seed) and feed. He highlighted that farmers have successfully established partnerships with hotels in Delhi and Chandigarh, fetching approximately Rs 1,000 per kg for trout in these markets. In Manali, the local demand allows them to secure about Rs 750 per kg. Despite the potential for growth, there is a notable absence of retail sales of trout within Himachal. Local markets lack demand, possibly due to the higher cost of trout compared to other available fish varieties. The Fisheries Department operates nine trout farms across the state, primarily serving as demonstration farms for training purposes. However, these farms contribute only eight to 10 metric tonnes annually. In contrast, the increasing interest from 650 farmers in trout farming resulted in a collective production of 1,178 metric tonnes this year. Himachal embraced the Danish strain of trout in 2020-21, shifting from the Norwegian technology previously employed. Rainbow trout, being the predominant species cultivated, is favored for its faster growth compared to the slow-growing brown trout, which the department introduces into cold-water streams for angling. With the government providing subsidies, including a 60% subsidy for SC/ST and women for trout farming structures, the industry is attracting attention in Kullu, Shimla, Kinnaur, Mandi, Chamba, and Sirmaur districts. The journey of Himachal’s trout farming, marked by successes and challenges, showcases the need for continued support, market exploration, and scientific innovation to ensure sustainable growth and economic benefits for the dedicated farmers in the region.

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Conservation Research
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Unveiling ‘Awaous Motla’: Odisha’s Newly Discovered Edible Freshwater Gem

In a groundbreaking revelation, scientists conducting research in western Odisha have discovered a previously unknown species of edible freshwater fish, now officially named ‘Awaous Motla.’ This vibrant yellow-hued fish, distinguished by its fleshy upper lip, emerged during a research project funded by the Odisha government. The principal investigator, Prof Jaya Kishor Seth of Berhampur University’s zoology department, and the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Gopalpur, spearheaded the project. Collected from the Mahanadi river near Sonepur and Boudh bridge in June 2022, the specimens displayed distinct characteristics setting them apart from others in the same genus. Collaborating with Anil Mohapatra of ZSI’s Estuarine Biology Regional Centre and an Australian scientist, extensive studies confirmed ‘Awaous Motla’ as a new and unique species. Local fishermen, familiar with the fish as ‘motla,’ sell it fresh or dried, with prices reaching Rs 600 per kg and Rs 800 per kg, respectively. The discovery, detailed in the online issue of the Journal of Fish Biology on October 28, marks a significant addition to the region’s aquatic biodiversity. Professor Seth emphasized the need for long-term research to unravel aspects like the species’ migration patterns and nutritional value, factors contributing to its elevated market price compared to other locally available fishes. ‘Awaous Motla’ not only enriches the culinary landscape but also underscores the importance of continued exploration and conservation efforts to protect the diverse aquatic life in Odisha’s Mahanadi river. This discovery opens up avenues for further scientific inquiry and highlights the richness of India’s freshwater ecosystems.

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Aquaculture Fisheries
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Nurturing Aquatic Ecosystems: Striking a Balance in India’s Fishing Practices

In a noteworthy shift, the love for fish in India has surged, as revealed by the latest data from the National Council of Applied Economic Research. Fish consumption per household has nearly doubled over the past decade, reaching over 13 kilograms per capita per annum in 2022-23. While this falls short of the international estimate of 20.5 kg per capita (2019-20), there is a potential trajectory to reach 21.4 kg by 2031. Despite this culinary trend, challenges loom over the welfare of freshwater fish. The Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972 primarily safeguards marine species, leaving approximately 120 species of freshwater fish in India vulnerable and in urgent need of protection. The focus on marine sharks, rays, and a limited number of molluscs neglects the plight of indigenous fish species threatened by over-fishing, water body depletion, and riverine pollution. Even as fish gains popularity, political, economic, and cultural currents influence dietary choices. A study by the Indian Council of Medical Research indicates that India’s per capita consumption of meat and eggs, crucial protein sources, remains below recommended levels and has been declining since 2014. This decline coincides with a political environment inclined towards promoting vegetarianism in a nation traditionally inclined towards meat and fish consumption. While relatively inexpensive farmed fish, such as carp and tilapia, have become substitutes for pricier alternatives, a disparity in consumption persists, particularly affecting women from impoverished families. Gender imbalances in fish consumption heighten the risk of anaemia among women who often settle for fish fins and bones rather than fillets. Addressing these challenges requires a nuanced approach. The West Bengal environment ministry has taken a commendable step by initiating a conservation program for small fish varieties like pnuti and folui. Emulating successful models, such as Bangladesh’s remarkable Hilsa comeback, could offer insights. The National Fisheries Policy of 2020, focusing on growth, must expand its scope to encompass ecological, economic, and cultural considerations for sustainable development. In essence, fostering fishing practices that strike a delicate balance between sea catches and ecosystem health is crucial. The article calls for collaborative efforts at both the national and state levels in India, emphasizing the need to move beyond growth-oriented policies to ensure a harmonious coexistence of culinary traditions, economic interests, and environmental conservation.

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Aquaculture
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Empowered Committee Reshapes Aquaculture Landscape in Andhra Pradesh

In a significant development, the Empowered Committee in Andhra Pradesh, led by Mines and Geology Minister Peddireddy Ramachandra Reddy, has successfully addressed challenges faced by aqua farmers. The committee, formed by the State government, exerted control over aqua feed and seed prices, providing substantial relief to farmers who had previously suffered losses due to the absence of a regulatory mechanism. The committee members, including ministers Botcha Satyanarayana and Seediri Appalaraju, highlighted that the aqua sector, spanning 4.65 lakh acres, faced hardships stemming from fluctuations in the international market. However, proactive measures taken by the empowered committee, such as controlling prices six times, have significantly uplifted the sector. A key initiative by Chief Minister YS Jagan Mohan Reddy involved conducting an e-fish survey, identifying 46,433 aqua electricity connections eligible for subsidies. An additional 4,230 connections received approval based on farmer applications, with power subsidies set to commence from November 1. The committee, keen on securing the interests of aqua farmers, emphasized that a fixed price of Rs 240 per kilogram for 100 count prawns should be adhered to by merchants, preventing transactions below the prescribed amount. With the aquaculture landscape undergoing positive transformations, the committee’s efforts underscore a commitment to sustainable growth and support for farmers in Andhra Pradesh.

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Aquaculture Farmer News Seaweed
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Seaweed Farming Success in Lakshadweep, India

A pilot seaweed farming enterprise in Lakshadweep, an archipelago off the coast of Kerala in India, has been a huge success. The farm, which was initially launched in Chetlath, one of the smaller islands in Lakshadweep, has expanded to 30 plots with 3,000 net tubes. The first harvest yielded nearly 15 tonnes in 45 days, and subsequent harvests have been done every 30-45 days. The farm has also been expanded to the neighbouring atolls of Kiltan and Kadmat. Women have been the main workforce on the seaweed farm, with some employed from local self-help groups to carry out various farm activities, such as preparing tube nets, seeding, and harvesting. The program has generated nearly 3,000 working days during the eight-month period, with an average daily earning of Rs 380 (£3.64). The success of the pilot seaweed farming enterprise is due to a number of factors, including: * The strong support of the ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR-CMFRI) and the Lakshadweep Administration* The use of commercially important, indigenous seaweed species, such as Gracilaria edulis and Acanthophora spicifera* The training of local people in seaweed farming* The establishment of seaweed hatcheries, seed reserves, seaweed health monitoring facilities, and incubation facilities for mariculture The success of the pilot seaweed farming enterprise is expected to have a number of benefits for Lakshadweep, including: * Increased income for local communities* Improved food security* Increased employment opportunities* Reduced environmental impact of fishing The ICAR-CMFRI is working with the NITI Ayog, the Government of India, and the Lakshadweep Administration to generate scientific information, build skills, provide technical support services, and draw policy guides for sustainable and inclusive seaweed enterprise development in the island territory. Seaweed farming is a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to produce food and other products.** Seaweed is a fast-growing crop that does not require freshwater or fertilizer. It can also help to improve water quality and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The success of the pilot seaweed farming enterprise in Lakshadweep is a model for other coastal communities around the world. Seaweed farming has the potential to be a major source of food, income, and environmental benefits for coastal communities.

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Aquaculture Farmer Fish Feed
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Insect Revolution: Transforming Indian Aquaculture with Sustainable Feeds

India, with its diverse aquaculture practices, is at the forefront of a potential revolution in sustainable fish farming. Ankit Alok Bagaria, Co-founder of Loopworm, sheds light on the promising landscape of insect-based aquafeed ingredients and the profound impact it can have on India’s small-scale aquaculture producers. Amidst challenges such as disease outbreaks, water pollution, and market demand fluctuations, the aquaculture sector in India seeks innovative solutions. Enter insects – a sustainable alternative source for aquafeed ingredients, including insect protein concentrate, insect meal, and insect fat oil. India’s tropical climate and abundant food waste make it a prime candidate to lead the global insect feed industry. Insects, being natural food for fish and birds, offer enhanced palatability, superior digestibility, high protein content, and immunity-providing natural peptides. The incorporation of insect meal in compound feed can significantly boost overall productivity. Shrimp farmer Bhargava, facing rising costs in conventional feeds, emphasizes the need for better quality feed to enhance palatability, immunity, and growth rates in shrimps. Traditional marine-based ingredients like fishmeal and krill meal face challenges, creating an opportunity for alternative ingredients such as insects to shine. Loopworm’s success story illustrates the potential of insect farming in India. The startup, co-founded three and a half years ago, has not only ventured into black soldier fly larvae but expanded to include silkworms. With government grants and strategic investments, Loopworm now commercially supplies 100 tonnes of insect protein and insect fats per month, aiming to double this capacity. The interview delves into the personal experiences of farmers like Kumar, who farms catla in Uttar Pradesh. Despite low investment in compound feed, he opts for cheaper alternatives like leftover food, fresh food waste, and pest-infested grains. Here lies the opportunity for small-scale farmers to integrate insect farming into aquaculture, ensuring better productivity and reduced feed costs. The article highlights Loopworm’s collaboration with feed manufacturers, focusing on parameters beyond traditional feed conversion ratios. By prioritizing immunity, palatability, digestibility, and meat quality, Loopworm aims to bring tangible benefits to farmers like Bhargava, aligning with their productivity goals. The journey of Loopworm, from stabilizing breeding processes to securing investments, showcases the transformative potential of insect farming. The article emphasizes the challenges, such as scaling up operations and ensuring quality control, while underscoring the promise of insect-based aquafeed in contributing to the sustainability, efficiency, and growth of the Indian aquaculture industry. As India stands at the cusp of embracing insect-based feeds, the article prompts reflection on the challenges and opportunities, signaling a potential paradigm shift in the way aquaculture is approached and sustained in the country.

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Aquaculture Farmer Trout
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From Cardamom Fields to Trout Triumph: The Inspiring Journey of Premier Aquaculturist, Prem Kumar Rai

In the picturesque state of Sikkim in northeastern India, a transformative tale of aquaculture success unfolds as Prem Kumar Rai, a 45-year-old farmer, emerges as a trailblazer in rainbow trout farming. Rai’s journey, chronicled through an insightful interview, sheds light on his evolution from cultivating cardamom to becoming a thriving fish farmer, earning accolades and recognition from the state government. In 2012, seeking new avenues and spurred by the active promotion of rainbow trout farming by the Indian fisheries department, Rai transitioned from cardamom cultivation to fish farming. Armed with a modest investment of Rs 50,000 ($611), 2,000 fingerlings, and essential training from the fisheries department, Rai embarked on a journey that would redefine his livelihood. The initial challenges were substantial, with only 300 fingerlings surviving due to Rai’s limited knowledge of fish farming. Despite this, the first year yielded a profit of around Rs 40,000 ($488), showcasing Rai’s determination and adaptability. Addressing the intricacies of trout farming, Rai shares insights into combating diseases, particularly fungal infections, which contribute to a mortality rate of around 30 percent. Quick thinking and the addition of salt are essential to prevent loss if fins turn white—a testament to Rai’s hands-on expertise. The interview unveils the harsh realities Rai faced, with significant losses totaling Rs 9 lakhs ($11,000) in 2015, 2018, and 2021 due to water supply disruptions. Undeterred, Rai perseveres, ensuring the daily care of his trout farm from dawn till dusk, even facing the challenges of potential theft. Rai’s commitment to growth is evident in his annual production, boasting 600 broodstock and 100,000 juveniles this year, with plans to reach 300,000 by the next. Despite the challenges, Rai remains focused on expanding his business, envisioning a small hatchery to further contribute to the aquaculture sector. Acknowledging the support from the state fisheries department, Rai expresses gratitude for the assistance that led to his recognition as the state’s best trout farmer in 2020 and the recipient of the state’s best fish farmer award on World Fisheries Day last year. Rai’s ultimate ambition reflects his entrepreneurial spirit—expanding his business and establishing a hatchery. However, he highlights the need for government schemes to consider small farmers and provide tailored funding. In closing, Rai extends advice to aspiring fish farmers, emphasizing the tremendous scope and income prospects in the sector. His story serves as an inspiring testament to the transformative power of aquaculture, showcasing how one farmer’s resilience and dedication can create a ripple effect of success in the thriving landscapes of India’s pisciculture.

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Aquaculture Research Shrimp
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MPEDA’s Pioneering Efforts: Revitalizing India’s Shrimp Aquaculture with Black Tiger Shrimp

In recent years, India’s shrimp aquaculture landscape has witnessed a shift, with the traditional black tiger shrimp, once a flagship species, making a remarkable comeback. Despite the dominance of the vannamei shrimp in global production, the black tiger shrimp, scientifically known as Penaeus monodon, is gaining renewed attention, thanks to strategic initiatives by the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA). Historically, black tiger shrimp held a prominent position in Indian aquaculture. However, challenges such as disease outbreaks and the allure of the high-yielding vannamei shrimp led to a decline in black tiger shrimp cultivation. Recognizing the potential and responding to the demands of exporters and farmers, MPEDA has taken bold steps to revive the farming of black tiger shrimp on a large scale. The Multi-Species Aquaculture Complex facility at the Valar Partum Island of Kochi, managed by the Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Aquaculture (RGCA), a research wing of MPEDA, stands as a testament to India’s commitment to revitalizing its shrimp aquaculture industry. This state-of-the-art complex boasts a 20 million capacity hatchery for black tiger shrimp post larvae, along with nurseries producing 1.65 million fingerlings of various fin fish and shellfish species, including sea bass, cobia, genetically improved farmed tilapia, and silver pompano, as well as 0.5 million crab lots of mud crab. One of the critical challenges addressed by MPEDA is the supply of quality seeds. The shortage of good quality black tiger shrimp seeds led traditional farmers to resort to poor quality seeds, impacting farm productivity. The newly established facility carefully selects breeders to produce healthy seeds, which undergo rigorous testing for shrimp pathogens, ensuring the delivery of disease-free and robust seed stock to farmers. The success of MPEDA’s initiative is evident in the overwhelming demand for quality seeds, surpassing the facility’s current capacity. This not only highlights the eagerness of the farming sector for reliable seed sources but also emphasizes the pivotal role MPEDA plays in supporting farmers. MPEDA’s approach goes beyond just reviving black tiger shrimp farming; it aims to energize and diversify aquaculture in India on a large scale. The model implemented in Kerala is seen as a potential template for replication in other states, showcasing the adaptability and scalability of this initiative. Moreover, as global attention turns towards sustainable and low-density alternatives to intensive shrimp production, black tiger shrimp emerges as a lucrative option. The species, relished in overseas markets such as the European Union, the USA, China, and Japan, offers a valuable niche market that complements the dominant vannamei shrimp. In conclusion, MPEDA’s proactive measures and the establishment of cutting-edge facilities underscore India’s determination to regain its position as a key player in the global shrimp aquaculture industry. The revival of black tiger shrimp aligns with India’s commitment to sustainable and diversified aquaculture practices, setting the stage for a prosperous future for the country’s shrimp farmers and exporters.

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Fisheries News
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Union Minister Advocates Research and Investment for Advancing Deep-Sea Fishing in India

Union Minister of State for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and Dairying, L Murugan, has underscored the crucial role of research and design in upgrading fishing vessels to unlock the potential of sustainable deep-sea fishing. Speaking at the Global Fisheries Conference India 2023 in Ahmedabad, Murugan highlighted the global demand for tuna fish and India’s capacity to increase its tuna fishing, emphasizing the need for technological advancements. To support traditional fishermen in this endeavor, the government is offering up to 60% financial assistance for converting vessels into deep-sea fishing boats, coupled with loan facilities. Murugan stressed the importance of modern fishing vessels equipped with in-built processing facilities to meet international quality standards for deep-sea fishing. Recognizing the current limitations of traditional fishermen, he assured the government’s commitment to bridging this gap. During another session, Simon Feunge-Smith, a senior fishery officer at the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the UN, highlighted a 37% increase in per capita fish consumption worldwide over the last 25 years. He called for enhanced blue finance to address critical threats posed by climate change and rising food demand, citing Asia’s contribution of 89% to global aquaculture production. Deep-sea fishing, conducted beyond the territorial waters and within the exclusive economic zone, presents a significant opportunity. World Bank consultant Arthur Neiland emphasized the untapped potential of yellowfin and skipjack tunas in India’s exclusive economic zone, with a harvest estimate of 179,000 tonnes, yet only 12% utilization. Neiland stressed the necessity for public and private sector investment in deep-sea fishing, envisioning economic, social, and environmental benefits. As India aims to bolster its position in the global fishing landscape, the call for research, technological innovation, and strategic investments becomes paramount in ensuring sustainable and lucrative deep-sea fishing practices.

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Farmer Fisheries News
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24

Uttar Pradesh’s Transformative Journey in Inland Fisheries: PM Matsya Sampada Yojana Unleashes Growth

Uttar Pradesh’s fisheries sector has undergone a remarkable transformation, propelled by the effective implementation of 31 schemes under the visionary PM Matsya Sampada Yojana. The state, under the leadership of Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, has witnessed unprecedented progress, securing its position as a frontrunner in the realm of inland fisheries. Minister Sanjay Nishad, the driving force behind these initiatives, proudly announced that a staggering ₹150 crore has been disbursed to beneficiaries as part of these schemes. This financial infusion has not only bolstered the livelihoods of fish farmers but has also contributed significantly to the overall economic growth of the state. A testament to Uttar Pradesh’s commitment to excellence in the fisheries sector is the recent accolade received at the Global Fisheries Conference 2023 in Ahmedabad. The state was honored with the prestigious Best State-Inland Fisheries Award, a recognition of its outstanding achievements in the field. The fisheries department’s elevation to a cabinet minister’s portfolio by the Yogi government underscores its strategic importance. This move reflects a proactive approach to boosting the sector, signaling a comprehensive commitment to its sustainable development. In the last six-and-a-half years, Uttar Pradesh has made substantial strides in fish farming, with the annual fish production escalating from 8 lakh metric tonnes to an impressive 9.1 lakh metric tonnes. Similarly, fish seed production has witnessed a significant rise, surging from approximately 27,128 lakh metric tonnes to an impressive 36,187 lakh metric tonnes. One of the key projects under the PM Matsya Sampada Yojana is the ongoing construction of an ultra-modern fish mall in Chandauli, valued at over ₹62 crore. This state-of-the-art facility will further enhance the processing and marketing capabilities of the fisheries industry, positioning Uttar Pradesh as a hub for innovative and sustainable practices. Noteworthy is the comprehensive insurance scheme tailored for fish farmers, covering a spectrum of risks, from accidents to injuries. Over one lakh fish farmers have availed themselves of this scheme, receiving monetary assistance of ₹5 lakh to families in case of fatalities and ₹2.5 lakh for those facing disabilities. The scheme’s inclusivity also extends to cover injuries sustained by fish farmers during their endeavors. The Global Fisheries Conference showcased Uttar Pradesh’s commitment to fostering a thriving and sustainable inland fisheries industry. The state’s active engagement in 31 projects, including ambitious fish ranching initiatives across rivers in 68 districts, underscores its dedication to holistic development. As a beacon of progress, Uttar Pradesh’s fisheries sector is not just about numbers; it represents a holistic approach to community welfare, economic development, and environmental sustainability. The state’s recognition as the Best State-Inland Fisheries is a testament to its unwavering dedication to fostering a thriving and sustainable inland fisheries industry. In conclusion, Uttar Pradesh’s fisheries success story stands as a model for effective governance, strategic planning, and inclusive growth. With a commitment to innovation and sustainability, the state paves the way for a brighter future for its fish farmers and the entire inland fisheries ecosystem.

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Fisheries News
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18

Kerala’s Fisheries Triumph: A Beacon of Sustainable Development and Community Prosperity Takes Center Stage at IITF Trade Fair 2023

New Delhi: The Department of Fisheries in Kerala garnered widespread acclaim at the India International Trade Fair (IITF) 2023, where it showcased the state’s commitment to sustainable development and the well-being of its fishing communities. Led by Minister Saji Cherian, the department envisions “Blissful fishers and a healthy community.” Renowned as God’s own country, Kerala, with its extensive 590 km coastline and diverse waterbodies, assumes a pivotal role in ecological diversity and livelihood. The Department of Fisheries, helmed by the Director of Fisheries, is unwavering in its dedication to the sustainable development of fisheries in both marine and inland sectors. The fisheries sector significantly contributes to Kerala’s GDP, with marine product exports reaching a remarkable Rs 5919.02 Crores in 2017-18. Supporting a vast population, 222 fishing villages in the marine and 113 fishery villages in the inland sector provide livelihoods, contributing significantly to the socio-economic fabric. Collaboration among executive officers under the department, including Kerala State Cooperative Federation for Fisheries Development Ltd (Matsyafed), Agency for Development of Aquaculture, Kerala (ADAK), and others, propels the department’s mission. This mission encompasses resource conservation, nutritional security, socio-economic development, safety for the fishing community, infrastructure development, and effective extension services to society. At the IITF Trade Fair 2023, Kerala’s fisheries stood out with a showcase emphasizing innovation, conservation, and community well-being. Visitors were captivated by the vibrant display of aquatic diversity and success stories of sustainable fisheries. Mr. Narendra Jha, a visitor, praised Kerala’s fisheries stall, stating, “The fisheries stall reflects the rich heritage and potential of Kerala’s fishery sector. It’s a testament to the state’s dedication to sustainable practices and community welfare.” The success at the IITF Trade Fair 2023 underscores Kerala’s leadership in fisheries, embodying the mission of “Blissful fishers and a healthy community” in every facet of its endeavors.

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Export International Shrimp
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Global Shrimp Prices Stabilize at Unsustainable Levels, Putting Farmers Under Pressure

The global shrimp market is facing a challenging situation as prices stabilize at “unfavorably low levels,” leading to financial hardships for many farmers. This trend is particularly evident in India, where raw vannamei exports averaged USD 6.32 (EUR 5.80) per kilo in September, marking a significant decline from USD 7.54 (EUR 6.92) in September 2022 and USD 6.55 (EUR 6.01) in July 2023. While there was a slight uptick from the USD 6.29 (EUR 5.77) recorded in August 2023, overall prices remain at concerningly low levels. Several factors are contributing to this downward pressure on shrimp prices. One key factor is the weakening of the Chinese market, which has been impacted by economic challenges such as stalled real estate development, defaulting developers, and falling home prices. These issues have dampened demand for shrimp in China, a significant consumer of the seafood. Despite cooling inflation, the U.S. market has shown some signs of recovery, importing more shrimp year-over-year in August and September. However, this increase in U.S. imports has not been enough to offset the decline in demand from China. The prolonged low prices are putting immense strain on shrimp farmers, pushing many into loss-making situations. The Shrimp Insights Founder Willem van der Pijl highlights the severity of the situation, stating, “Prices are ‘quite low,’ pushing many farmers into a loss-making situation.” The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has also expressed concerns about the Chinese economy’s impact on global shrimp markets. In its November World Economic Report, the IMF downgraded its growth expectations for China, citing the troubled property sector as a significant risk factor. The IMF’s report also noted that China’s government has been hesitant to introduce substantial fiscal stimulus measures to boost growth, further clouding the outlook for the shrimp industry. The Chinese Aquatic Producers Promotion and Marketing Association (CAPPMA) Secretary General Cui He acknowledged the challenges facing the Chinese shrimp industry, stating, “China is currently facing a complex and volatile international economic environment.” The stabilization of global shrimp prices at unfavorable levels poses a significant threat to the livelihoods of shrimp farmers worldwide. As the situation continues to unfold, it is crucial for industry stakeholders and policymakers to work together to find solutions that support the sustainability of shrimp farming and protect the livelihoods of those who depend on it.

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