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Navigating Fisheries Regulations in India

In this video, we look at National Fisheries regulations in India. While there have been coastal fishing and conventions relating to it, since times, immemorial, modern laws emerged around 1980. There are multiple fishing regulations, laws relating to biodiversity, coastal management. Then, we have multiple treaties and international laws and we have had issues with Sri Lanka, BanglaDesh and occasionally with Pakistan. In this short video, we navigate the Fisheries regulation in India.

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Video
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How a simple innovation in oyster farming has transformed the lives of these fisherwomen

This video is about how a simple innovation in oyster farming has transformed the lives of fisherwomen in Waratah, India. The women used to spend long hours fishing for oysters, but they would only return with a small catch. In 2013, the United Nations Development Program approached the women with a plan to simplify their lives by farming oysters in the creek behind their homes. The women were skeptical at first, but they eventually agreed to form a self-help group. With the help of the UNDP, the women set up 450 ropes with empty oyster shells on bamboo frames. Oyster spats attached themselves to the empty shells over time, and the women were able to harvest a bounty of oysters. The initial investment of about $85 has brought in significant returns, and the women are now able to save money for their families. They have also started making and selling luck dues and sweets to the community. The fisherwomen of Waratah are an inspiration to other women around the world. They have shown that it is possible to overcome poverty and discrimination and achieve success. The video is a great example of how a small innovation can have a big impact on people’s lives. It is also a reminder of the importance of women’s empowerment and the role that women can play in development.

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Business Fisheries International
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India’s Fight for Fairness in Fisheries Subsidies

India is taking a strong stand in the World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations on fisheries subsidies, advocating for a principle of “polluter pays” that would hold countries accountable for the environmental damage caused by their fishing fleets. This principle would require countries that engage in distant-water fishing to stop subsidizing their fleets for 25 years. Background The WTO fisheries subsidies negotiations began in 2001 and culminated in the Fisheries Subsidies Agreement (FSA) in June 2022. However, the most contentious pillar of the FSA, the prohibition of subsidies contributing to overcapacity and overfishing, was not finalized in the first phase of negotiations. India’s Proposal In September 2021, India proposed a common but differentiated responsibility (CBDR) approach to the FSA, arguing that countries that have historically overexploited marine resources with the aid of subsidies should bear greater responsibility for reducing their subsidies. Specifically, India proposed that countries engaged in distant-water fishing should stop subsidizing their fleets for 25 years. The criteria for determining a distant-water fishing nation would be based on whether a country’s fishing fleets generally fish in waters beyond the FAO major fishing area adjacent to the country’s natural coastline. Support for India’s Proposal Several other countries have expressed support for India’s proposal, including Kenya, Djibouti, and Indonesia. Kenya, on behalf of the African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) group of countries, has proposed an outright prohibition of subsidies for large-scale industrial fishing. Djibouti, on behalf of the least developed countries (LDCs), has proposed a prohibition of subsidies to large-scale industrial fishing or fishing-related activities in areas beyond the subsidizing member’s national jurisdiction. Challenges While there is growing support for India’s proposal, there are also significant challenges to its implementation. Traditional big subsidizers, such as the United States and the European Union, are likely to resist any curbs on their subsidies. Additionally, there is no clear consensus on how to define “large-scale industrial fishing vessels” or “distant-water fishing.” Special and Differential Treatment Another important aspect of the negotiations is the special and differential treatment (S&DT) for developing countries and LDCs. India has argued for a transition period of 25 years for developing countries to adjust to any new subsidy curbs. Developed countries, however, have proposed a much shorter transition period of seven years. Conclusion The WTO fisheries subsidies negotiations are at a critical juncture. India is playing a leading role in advocating for a fair and equitable outcome that will hold all countries accountable for their role in overfishing. The final outcome of the negotiations will have a significant impact on the health of the world’s oceans and the livelihoods of millions of people who depend on fisheries.

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Fisheries Focus Story Trade
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PMMSY: Transforming the Indian Fisheries Sector

A Big Leap for Indian Fisheries In 2020, the Indian fisheries sector was poised for a major transformation, thanks to the reforms initiated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Recognizing the immense potential of the Blue Economy, Modi launched a series of initiatives to systematically develop the sector, including the creation of a dedicated Fisheries Ministry. However, the COVID-19 pandemic threatened to derail this progress. Undeterred, Modi turned this crisis into an opportunity by announcing the Atmanirbhar Bharat package for the fisheries sector. This package included a significant investment of ₹20,050 crore for the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), marking the largest-ever investment in the history of Indian fisheries. PMMSY: Addressing Critical Gaps With this fresh injection of funds and renewed focus, the PMMSY began to address critical gaps in the fisheries value chain, from fish production, productivity, and quality to technology, post-harvest infrastructure, and marketing. The scheme identified key strategic priority areas, including: Marine fisheries Inland fisheries Fishermen’s welfare Infrastructure and post-harvest management Cold water fisheries Ornamental fisheries Aquatic health management Seaweed cultivation Transforming Inland Fisheries In its three years of operation, the PMMSY has successfully transformed inland fisheries, taking it beyond traditional waters and introducing innovative technologies. This has inspired many talented and enterprising youth to venture into the fisheries sector. Young women entrepreneurs from the Kashmir Valley are now efficiently rearing cold-water rainbow trout using a recirculatory aquaculture system. Aquapreneurs in Nellore have become successful exporters of biofloc-cultured shrimps. Expanding Fisheries to Non-Traditional Areas The PMMSY has also expanded fisheries activities to non-traditional areas. Almost 20,000 hectares of fresh pond area are being brought under inland aquaculture. Even in landlocked states like Haryana and Rajasthan, farmers are successfully converting their saline wastelands into productive aquaculture zones. Empowering Fisherwomen The PMMSY has empowered fisherwomen to explore remunerative options and alternative livelihoods, such as: Ornamental fisheries Pearl culture Seaweed cultivation The launch of a ₹127 crore Seaweed Park in Tamil Nadu’s Ramanathapuram district is a testament to the Modi government’s commitment to promoting seaweed cultivation. Strengthening Fisheries Infrastructure The PMMSY has enabled the establishment of: 900 fish feed plants 755 hatcheries The scheme is also supporting research and genetic improvement of: Indian White Shrimp at Chennai Specific pathogen-free brood stock Domestication of tiger shrimp in the Andaman Islands Record-Breaking Fish Production and Exports India is now among the world’s top three countries in fish and aquaculture production and is the largest shrimp exporter globally. Fish production reached an all-time high of 174 lakh tonnes in 2022-23. Shrimp production increased by 267% from 3.22 lakh tonnes in 2013-14 to 11.84 lakh tonnes in 2022-23. Seafood exports doubled from ₹30,213 crore in 2013-14 to ₹

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Fisheries Focus Story
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Small-Scale Fisheries: The Unsung Heroes of the Seas

In a world dominated by large-scale industrial fishing, small-scale fisheries often go unnoticed. Yet, these humble operations play a vital role in global food security, employment, and nutrition. A recent report by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations highlights the immense contribution of small-scale fisheries to the world, shedding light on their often-overlooked significance. Small-scale fisheries, characterized by low-tech and low-cost fishing methods, account for an impressive 40% of the global fish catch. In Asia alone, small-scale fisheries contribute a staggering 23 of 37 million tonnes of fish caught between 2013 and 2017. This remarkable output is achieved through the dedication and expertise of family-owned or community-based fishing operations, primarily operating along coastlines and rivers. The economic value of small-scale fisheries is equally impressive. The FAO report estimates that the average annual economic value of small-scale fisheries’ landings reached nearly $77.2 billion globally between 2013 and 2017. This represents a significant increase of 49% compared to the first study conducted in 2012. In terms of employment, small-scale fisheries dwarf their large-scale counterparts. In 2016, an estimated 60.2 million people were employed part-or full-time along the small-scale fisheries value chain. This is in stark contrast to the 7.3 million people employed in large-scale fisheries. Women play a crucial role in small-scale fisheries, with an estimated 44.7 million women participating in the sector’s value chains or engaging in subsistence activities related to the sector. The nutritional contribution of small-scale fisheries is equally significant. Fish landings from small-scale fisheries could provide up to 20% of the daily nutrition requirements of calcium, selenium, and zinc for 137 million women in Africa and 271 million women in Asia. Despite their immense contributions, small-scale fisheries often face challenges and underestimation. The FAO report emphasizes the need for increased support and recognition for small-scale fisheries. By investing in sustainable practices, improving access to markets, and strengthening governance frameworks, small-scale fisheries can continue to thrive and provide invaluable benefits to communities worldwide. As we move towards a more sustainable and equitable future, it is essential to acknowledge and support the unsung heroes of the seas – small-scale fisheries. Their contributions to food security, employment, and nutrition are undeniable, and their continued success is vital for a healthy and prosperous planet.

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Focus Story
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Unlocking Potential: Navigating Careers in Fisheries Science

In the vast ocean of career choices, Fisheries Science emerges as a dynamic and promising field, offering a bounty of opportunities for students seeking a rewarding and impactful profession. As fish continues to stand out as one of the most affordable sources of protein, the significance of this discipline becomes even more pronounced. Diverse Educational Pathways Embarking on a journey in Fisheries Science opens doors to a range of educational pathways, from certificate programs to doctoral studies. In India, students can opt for certificate, diploma, undergraduate (B.F.Sc.), postgraduate (M.F.Sc.), and doctoral programs, each catering to different facets of this multidisciplinary field. These courses delve into crucial aspects such as fish management, aquaculture, fishing technology, conservation, economics, and the management of fisheries. For instance, the Bachelor’s in Fisheries Science spans four years, incorporating a comprehensive curriculum covering everything from fish capturing techniques to fisheries environment and extension. Entry is often determined through the National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test (NEET), although some states consider Class 12 board exam marks. Furthermore, specialized programs like B.Voc. in fish processing and B. Tech in Fisheries Engineering offer avenues for skill development. Mastering Expertise and Beyond Master’s programs (M.F.Sc.) provide opportunities for specialization in areas like Aquaculture, Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology, Fisheries Engineering, and more. Additional postgraduate programs expand into related fields such as Disaster Management, Bio-Technology, and Climate Science, offering a holistic understanding of the interconnected realms of fisheries and environmental sciences. International opportunities await graduates, with avenues to pursue advanced studies in countries like the United States, Australia, EU countries, and Canada. Certificate courses, both domestic and international, further allow individuals to hone specific skills, such as fish farming, entrepreneurship, and industrial fisheries. Navigating a Sea of Opportunities The field of Fisheries Science offers a diverse range of career paths across government, public, and private sectors. Graduates can find employment with esteemed organizations like the Marine Product Export Development Authority (MPEDA), Fisheries Survey of India (FSI), NIO, WHO, FAO, NACA, NABARD, EIA, and various banks. The private sector presents opportunities in seafood processing and export units, aquafeed plants, fishing gear industries, and pharmaceutical companies. Entrepreneurial ventures are also on the rise, aligning with the growing demand for fish as a vital protein source. Climate change adaptation and mitigation are emerging as potential areas of research, reflecting the evolving nature of the field. Graduates can also contribute to state fisheries departments or explore roles as Agriculture Officers in banks. As the world recognizes the value of sustainable food sources, Fisheries Science stands at the forefront, offering not just a career but a chance to make a meaningful impact on the preservation and utilization of aquatic resources. For those with a passion for marine ecosystems and a commitment to sustainable practices, a career in Fisheries Science is not just a job—it’s a journey into the heart of environmental stewardship and innovation.

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Fisheries News
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Odisha Fishermen Advised Exercise Caution Amidst Cyclonic Storm Warning

In response to the recent forecast by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) predicting the formation of a cyclonic storm in the Bay of Bengal, the Special Relief Commissioner (SRC) in Odisha has issued a precautionary warning to fishermen along the state’s coast. According to the IMD’s update, a low-pressure system, currently positioned over the South Andaman Sea and adjacent to the Malacca, is anticipated to move west-northwestwards. By November 30, it is expected to intensify into a depression over the southeast Bay of Bengal, subsequently evolving into a cyclonic storm over the southwest and adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal in the following 48 hours. The SRC’s advisory, communicated on Tuesday, underscores the potential impact on the region, with squally winds reaching speeds of 40 to 50 kmph and gusting up to 60 kmph over the central Bay of Bengal and the southwest Bay of Bengal from December 1. By the subsequent day, these wind speeds are likely to escalate to 50 to 60 kmph, gusting up to 70 kmph. In light of these developments, the SRC has strongly urged fishermen against venturing into the deep sea areas of the central Bay of Bengal, emphasizing a particular focus on safety measures starting from the morning of December 1. As a proactive measure, the SRC has directed fishermen already at sea to make a prompt return to land by the specified date. Furthermore, recognizing the critical role of communication in such situations, the Fisheries and Animal Resources Development (ARD) department has been tasked with ensuring the efficient dissemination of alerts and warnings to the fishing community. The department is also instructed to provide timely updates on the status of fishermen and boats currently at sea, facilitating a coordinated and swift response to the potential cyclonic storm in the region.** The upcoming days will be crucial as authorities and the fishing community in Odisha closely monitor developments, prioritizing safety and preparedness in the face of unpredictable weather patterns. The collaborative efforts between the SRC, IMD, and relevant departments underscore the proactive stance taken to safeguard the well-being of fishermen and mitigate potential risks associated with the looming cyclonic storm in the Bay of Bengal.

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Conservation Research
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CMFRI Researcher Anto Honored with Hasmukh Shah Memorial Award for Coral Reef Resilience

Anto, an esteemed researcher, has garnered the prestigious Hasmukh Shah Memorial Award for his profound work on understanding the resilience of coral reefs in the Lakshadweep Islands. His research sheds light on the escalating threats these crucial ecosystems face due to climate change and various human-induced factors, according to an official press release. Instituted by the Gujarat Ecology Society (GES) and generously funded by the Kachnar Trust, the Hasmukh Shah Memorial Award aims to recognize and reward individuals who have made noteworthy contributions through research, development, or the implementation of innovative environmental, technical, or social solutions addressing pressing sustainability or societal issues. The award holds particular significance as it seeks to promote resilience-based management approaches crucial for coral reefs. These approaches focus on developing strategies for the preservation, protection, and restoration of these delicate marine habitats, as highlighted in the press release. Anto, a fervent ocean enthusiast and a certified dive master from the Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI), has spearheaded numerous underwater surveys concentrating on coral reefs and associated marine life along the Indian coast and its islands. His work has played a pivotal role in providing valuable insights and data essential for ongoing conservation efforts. Additionally, Anto is an integral part of the CMFRI’s team conducting coastal surveys on marine mammals. The Hasmukh Shah Memorial Award will be presented during the Hasmukh Shah Memorial Lecture scheduled for January 5, 2024, at the Federation of Gujarat Industries (FGI) in Vadodara. This recognition underscores Anto’s dedication to advancing marine research and fostering sustainability in the face of environmental challenges.

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Fisheries News
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ICAR-CMFRI Marks 75 Years of Marine Research with Commemorative Stamp Release

Celebrating a milestone in marine research, the ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) has launched a Corporate My Stamp and Special Postal Cover. The release, symbolizing the institute’s 75 years of contributions to India’s marine fisheries research and development, took place in Kochi, where Postmaster General Sayeed Rashid officially presented the stamp and cover to CMFRI Director A. Gopalakrishnan. The commemorative stamp release comprises 5,000 sheets, each featuring 12 stamps. The design reflects CMFRI’s commitment to marine research, showcasing the inscription ’75 Years of Research Excellence,’ the institute’s logo, and an image of the CMFRI headquarters in Kochi. This initiative marks a significant moment in recognizing and honoring CMFRI’s enduring legacy in advancing marine sciences over the past seven and a half decades.

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Export Value-added Seafood
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India Aims for USD 1.6 Billion Boost in Value-Added Seafood Production by 2030

India’s Marine Products Exports Development Authority (MPEDA) is embarking on an ambitious plan to double the country’s value-added seafood production, targeting a 20 percent increase by 2030. Recognizing the heightened demand for value-added seafood in key markets such as the U.S., E.U., Japan, and Asia, MPEDA Chairman D V Swamy emphasizes the potential for higher profits in this sector. In the most recent fiscal year, India’s seafood exports reached USD 8.09 billion, with value-added products contributing 10 percent, approximately USD 860 million. Despite being the world’s third-largest fish producer, second-largest aquaculture producer, and fourth-largest seafood exporter, India seeks to enhance its global market share in value-added seafood, currently holding 2.5 percent of the USD 34 billion global market. To achieve this goal, MPEDA has initiated a comprehensive development plan, including capacity-building initiatives, worker training programs, and advocacy for reduced bureaucracy and transition costs in the industry. The authority recently conducted its first training session with Vietnamese seafood processing experts, providing insights to 22 Indian seafood companies on implementing value-added processes. To expedite the transition, Indian exporters have urged MPEDA to advocate for the removal of tariffs on crucial components of value-added seafood processing, such as breadcrumbs, sauces, pre-dust, coconut shavings, and plastic trays. Additionally, they seek an increase in India’s import duty exemption from 1 percent to 3 percent of the freight on board (FOB) value for value-added exports. Despite challenges like lower seafood prices and political turbulence in the U.S., India remains optimistic about its seafood industry. Swamy reports a 6 percent increase in seafood exports by volume in the current fiscal year, with the government’s support evident through programs like India’s Blue Revolution and the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY). At the Global Fisheries Conference, Minister of State for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and Dairying L Murugan affirmed the government’s commitment to supporting the industry’s transition from near-shore to deep-sea fishing. Financial assistance of up to 60 percent for converting fishing boats, low- or no-interest loans, and encouragement for technological advancements highlight India’s strategy to tap into the global demand for tuna. Murugan stressed the need for research and design to upgrade fishing vessels, making deep-sea fishing both efficient and sustainable. World Bank Consultant Arthur Neiland estimates that India is utilizing only 12 percent of the tuna in its exclusive economic zone, with the potential for sustainable yields of around 179,000 metric tons annually. Murugan’s call for increased collaboration, innovation, and the involvement of startups signals India’s intent to further harness its vast deep-sea fishing potential.

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Conservation Fisheries Research Technology
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Climate Change Alters Fish Distribution in Indian Waters: Impacts and Innovations

The increasing sea surface temperatures in Indian waters are disrupting the distribution and life cycles of fish, according to JK Jena, Deputy Director General of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). Speaking at a global conclave on integrating climate change into international fisheries governance, Jena highlighted the consequences of rising sea temperatures on fish maturity, reproduction, and spatial distribution. Over the past 40 years (1975-2015), sea surface temperature analysis revealed a notable increase along different coasts, with the highest impact observed along the NW coast. The rise in temperature is influencing the spatial distribution and phenology of fish, leading to premature maturation at smaller sizes. This has resulted in decreased reproductive output and recruitment to fisheries, exemplified by species like the Bombay duck and silver pomfret. Commercially significant fish species like the Indian oil sardine and mackerel are now extending their distribution to new regions due to the changing sea conditions. Jena emphasized the need for research initiatives, including climate-resilient marine fisheries projects, to comprehend long-term patterns and develop strategies to safeguard the future of Indian fisheries. India has initiated projects for developing species distribution climate models and a climate-smart marine fisheries value chain. The former aims to predict alterations in sea temperature, ocean currents, and other climatic elements influencing fish populations, while the latter focuses on strengthening the marine fisheries sector’s value chain. Jena also addressed the rising occurrences of Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) events in the Indian Ocean region, emphasizing a three-fold increase in the Arabian Sea and a two-fold increase in the Bay of Bengal over the last two decades. To mitigate climate impacts, he proposed mariculture activities involving climate-resilient species, integration of renewable energy in fishing vessels, and innovative solutions like sea ranching of depleted commercial species. The call to action is clear: proactive measures are essential to adapt and safeguard India’s fisheries amidst changing environmental conditions.

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Aquaculture Conservation Research
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Goa Charts New Waters with Pioneering Aquatic Referral Lab for Fish Health

In a groundbreaking move, Goa is on the brink of establishing its first-ever aquatic referral laboratory in Old Goa, dedicated to in-depth analysis of diseases in fish species. This cutting-edge facility aims to focus on examining the health of cage-cultured fish species, promising not only to revolutionize the region’s aquaculture industry but also to serve as a crucial resource for monitoring and safeguarding the overall health of aquatic fish. Chief Minister Pramod Sawant, during his annual budget speech earlier this year, announced this ambitious project, set to play a pivotal role in ensuring a bountiful and disease-free harvest. The laboratory is expected to be a significant asset for the fisheries department, addressing the challenges posed by fish deaths and parasitical growth on marine fish. Fisheries Director Deepesh Priolkar highlighted the importance of having local expertise and a well-equipped laboratory to investigate inexplicable fish deaths and parasitical growth. The absence of a dedicated aquatic referral laboratory within the state has led the fisheries department to seek assistance from external institutions. The new laboratory is poised to enhance Goa’s capabilities in monitoring and protecting its aquatic resources, ultimately boosting the health and productivity of the local aquaculture industry. “We are in the process of preparing the estimation in the detailed project report (DPR), which will be sent to the state government. The DPR will then be forwarded to the central government. Once approved, we can establish the laboratory within a year’s time,” said Priolkar, expressing optimism about the project’s timeline. The plan involves modifying existing rooms at Ela, Old Goa, for which assistance from the Public Works Department (PWD) has been sought. The readiness to put the plan into action is evident, with Priolkar stating, “We are hopeful that the DPR will be approved in this financial year, following which the lab can be established. We only need to modify existing rooms at Ela, Old Goa, for which we have sought assistance from the PWD. The scientists for the lab will be selected by the central government.” This initiative signifies a significant stride forward for Goa, aligning with its commitment to advancing aquaculture practices and ensuring the well-being of its aquatic ecosystems.

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Conservation Farmer Fisheries Research
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Fortifying India Against the Silent Pandemic: A Comprehensive Approach to Contain Antimicrobial Resistance

In a joint initiative by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) and the World Health Organization (WHO)-India, a national consultation unfolded key strategies and recommendations to address the pressing issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in India. With over 50 One Health stakeholders hailing from 15 states participating, the event was a pivotal step during the World AMR Awareness Week (WAAW). Sunita Narain, Director General of CSE, emphasized that combating AMR requires a holistic response from stakeholders in the food, animal, crop, and waste sectors. The consultation aimed to outline crucial actions needed at the state level to prevent and contain the silent pandemic, which has far-reaching implications on health, livelihoods, and development. Dr. Roderico H Ofrin, WHO Representative to India, stressed the significance of developing State Action Plans for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance (SAPCAR) across all states and Union territories. The One Health approach, engaging key stakeholders across sectors, was identified as critical in these plans. Amit Khurana, Director of the Sustainable Food Systems Programme at CSE, echoed the importance of multi-sectoral action at the state level. He highlighted that addressing concerns related to health, animal husbandry, fisheries, agriculture, pollution control, and water and sanitation is most effective at the state level. The national consultation also marked the release of a comprehensive report titled ‘One Health Action to Prevent and Contain AMR in Indian States and Union Territories.’ This report, a collaboration between CSE and WHO, is based on suggestions received from experts and stakeholders in various state government departments. The report delineates cost-effective, implementable interventions across human health, livestock, fisheries, crops, and the environment. Aligned with key areas such as awareness building, surveillance, AMR prevention and control, and optimized antibiotic use, these actions are poised to make a significant impact on addressing AMR. Narain concluded the event by emphasizing that for countries like India, the focus should be on development with minimal use of chemicals in food production. Prevention, particularly considering the high cost of AMR, and conservation of last-resort antibiotics are imperative. Managing waste effectively was also highlighted as crucial in containing the spread of AMR. Key Suggestions by States to Contain AMR Across One Health Sectors: **Building Awareness and Understanding:**– Identify target audiences for precise awareness creation.– Leverage different mediums and platforms, including social media and local languages.– Mainstream AMR understanding in education. **Laboratories and Surveillance — AMR and AM Residues:**– Periodic monitoring and reporting of antibiotic resistance.– Strengthen microbiology laboratories and train human resources.– Develop species-specific surveillance strategies in livestock, fisheries, and crops. **Infection Prevention and Control:**– Develop state-level action plans for infection prevention and control.– Ensure regular vaccination and biosecurity measures in the livestock sector.– Implement inventory of fish diseases and biosecurity measures in the fisheries sector.– Adopt preventive measures in the crops sector through timely weed control and plant nutrient management. **Optimizing Antimicrobial Use:**– Develop standard treatment guidelines in the livestock sector.– Regulate antibiotic use, discontinue growth promoter use, and promote alternatives.– Establish guidelines for antibiotic use in the fisheries and crops sectors. This collaborative effort signifies a critical step forward in India’s battle against AMR, emphasizing the need for coordinated, multi-sectoral strategies at the state level.

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